Impact of Graves’ Disease and Antithyroid Drug Therapy on Bone Mineral Density – Pathophysiological Mechanisms and Clinical Relevance
Graves’ disease is an autoimmune disease characterized by excessive thyroid hormone production. One of the consequences of that state can be a decrease in bone mineral density (BMD). Graves’ disease is often treated with antithyroid drugs (ATD) as first line therapy, which can lead to disease rem...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Sestre Milosrdnice University hospital, Institute of Clinical Medical Research
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Acta Clinica Croatica |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://hrcak.srce.hr/file/428520 |
| _version_ | 1827281847138123776 |
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| author | Dunja Mudri Tomislav Kizivat Martina Smolić Ivica Mihaljević Robert Smolić Nikola Raguž Lučić Ines Bilić-Ćurčić |
| author_facet | Dunja Mudri Tomislav Kizivat Martina Smolić Ivica Mihaljević Robert Smolić Nikola Raguž Lučić Ines Bilić-Ćurčić |
| author_sort | Dunja Mudri |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Graves’ disease is an autoimmune disease characterized by excessive thyroid hormone
production. One of the consequences of that state can be a decrease in bone mineral density (BMD).
Graves’ disease is often treated with antithyroid drugs (ATD) as first line therapy, which can lead to disease
remission. Moreover, recent data show that improvement in BMD can be expected. However, vitamin D
deficiency can coexist along with Graves’ disease, which is also involved in the process of bone remodeling.
It is still not known whether lower values of vitamin D can contribute to onset of Graves’ disease and if its
supplementation might be helpful in therapy for hyperthyroidism. In the past couple of decades, osteopenia
and osteoporosis have become a major health burden not only in post-menopausal women but also as a result
of other diseases, leading to extensive research into various pathophysiological mechanisms responsible
for bone remodeling. The Wnt (wingless integrated) signaling pathway is a very important factor in bone
homeostasis, especially the canonical pathway. Present data indicate that stimulation of the Wnt pathway
leads to bone mass increase and, in contrast, its inhibition leads to bone mass decrease. Hence, inhibitors of
the canonical Wnt pathway became the focus of interest, in particular sclerostin and dickkopf 1 (DKK1).
Hyperthyroidism and osteopenia/osteoporosis are quite common today and can coexist together or as separate
entities. In this article, we aimed to give an overview of possible associations and potential mutual
pathophysiological mechanisms. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T09:08:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-461073e6c03e40cc9df5783e3ca1850f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0353-9466 1333-9451 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T09:08:07Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | Sestre Milosrdnice University hospital, Institute of Clinical Medical Research |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Acta Clinica Croatica |
| spelling | doaj.art-461073e6c03e40cc9df5783e3ca1850f2024-04-15T18:21:51ZengSestre Milosrdnice University hospital, Institute of Clinical Medical ResearchActa Clinica Croatica0353-94661333-94512022-01-0161.349650410.20471/acc.2022.61.03.15Impact of Graves’ Disease and Antithyroid Drug Therapy on Bone Mineral Density – Pathophysiological Mechanisms and Clinical RelevanceDunja Mudri0Tomislav Kizivat1Martina Smolić2Ivica Mihaljević3Robert Smolić4Nikola Raguž Lučić5Ines Bilić-Ćurčić6Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University, Osijek, Croatia; Clinical Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Radiation Protection, University Hospital Centre Osijek, CroatiaFaculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University, Osijek, Croatia; Clinical Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Radiation Protection, University Hospital Centre Osijek, CroatiaFaculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University, Osijek, Croatia; Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek Josip Juraj Strossmayer University, Osijek, CroatiaFaculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University, Osijek, Croatia; Clinical Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Radiation Protection, University Hospital Centre Osijek, CroatiaFaculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek Josip Juraj Strossmayer University, Osijek, CroatiaFaculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek Josip Juraj Strossmayer University, Osijek, CroatiaFaculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University, Osijek Croatia; Clinical Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Disorders, University Hospital Centre Osijek, Osijek, CroatiaGraves’ disease is an autoimmune disease characterized by excessive thyroid hormone production. One of the consequences of that state can be a decrease in bone mineral density (BMD). Graves’ disease is often treated with antithyroid drugs (ATD) as first line therapy, which can lead to disease remission. Moreover, recent data show that improvement in BMD can be expected. However, vitamin D deficiency can coexist along with Graves’ disease, which is also involved in the process of bone remodeling. It is still not known whether lower values of vitamin D can contribute to onset of Graves’ disease and if its supplementation might be helpful in therapy for hyperthyroidism. In the past couple of decades, osteopenia and osteoporosis have become a major health burden not only in post-menopausal women but also as a result of other diseases, leading to extensive research into various pathophysiological mechanisms responsible for bone remodeling. The Wnt (wingless integrated) signaling pathway is a very important factor in bone homeostasis, especially the canonical pathway. Present data indicate that stimulation of the Wnt pathway leads to bone mass increase and, in contrast, its inhibition leads to bone mass decrease. Hence, inhibitors of the canonical Wnt pathway became the focus of interest, in particular sclerostin and dickkopf 1 (DKK1). Hyperthyroidism and osteopenia/osteoporosis are quite common today and can coexist together or as separate entities. In this article, we aimed to give an overview of possible associations and potential mutual pathophysiological mechanisms.https://hrcak.srce.hr/file/428520Graves’ diseaseBone Mineral DensityWnt Signaling PathwaySclerostinDickkopf 1 |
| spellingShingle | Dunja Mudri Tomislav Kizivat Martina Smolić Ivica Mihaljević Robert Smolić Nikola Raguž Lučić Ines Bilić-Ćurčić Impact of Graves’ Disease and Antithyroid Drug Therapy on Bone Mineral Density – Pathophysiological Mechanisms and Clinical Relevance Acta Clinica Croatica Graves’ disease Bone Mineral Density Wnt Signaling Pathway Sclerostin Dickkopf 1 |
| title | Impact of Graves’ Disease and Antithyroid Drug Therapy on Bone Mineral Density – Pathophysiological Mechanisms and Clinical Relevance |
| title_full | Impact of Graves’ Disease and Antithyroid Drug Therapy on Bone Mineral Density – Pathophysiological Mechanisms and Clinical Relevance |
| title_fullStr | Impact of Graves’ Disease and Antithyroid Drug Therapy on Bone Mineral Density – Pathophysiological Mechanisms and Clinical Relevance |
| title_full_unstemmed | Impact of Graves’ Disease and Antithyroid Drug Therapy on Bone Mineral Density – Pathophysiological Mechanisms and Clinical Relevance |
| title_short | Impact of Graves’ Disease and Antithyroid Drug Therapy on Bone Mineral Density – Pathophysiological Mechanisms and Clinical Relevance |
| title_sort | impact of graves disease and antithyroid drug therapy on bone mineral density pathophysiological mechanisms and clinical relevance |
| topic | Graves’ disease Bone Mineral Density Wnt Signaling Pathway Sclerostin Dickkopf 1 |
| url | https://hrcak.srce.hr/file/428520 |
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