Incorporation of Partially Hydrolyzed Polyacrylamide With Zwitterionic Units and Poly(Ethylene Glycol) Units Toward Enhanced Tolerances to High Salinity and High Temperature
Partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM) was widely implemented to improve the rheological properties of displacing fluids, but the high temperature and salinity of the reservoir brine limited their applications. Herein, copolymers including HPAM, zwitterion-modified HPAM (z-HPAM), PEG-modified HP...
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| Format: | Article |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-12-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Materials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmats.2021.788746/full |
| _version_ | 1819177969347723264 |
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| author | Gang Lu Gang Lu Jikuan Zhao Shaoqi Li Yuquan Chen Chunfang Li Youqi Wang Youqi Wang Dongxiang Li |
| author_facet | Gang Lu Gang Lu Jikuan Zhao Shaoqi Li Yuquan Chen Chunfang Li Youqi Wang Youqi Wang Dongxiang Li |
| author_sort | Gang Lu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM) was widely implemented to improve the rheological properties of displacing fluids, but the high temperature and salinity of the reservoir brine limited their applications. Herein, copolymers including HPAM, zwitterion-modified HPAM (z-HPAM), PEG-modified HPAM (p-HPAM), and zwitterion/PEG-modified HPAM (zp-HPAM) were prepared by free radical polymerization in an aqueous solution. The viscosity of these copolymers under different temperature and salinity was measured in aqueous solution. It is found that the viscosity of the HPAM under the harsh condition (90oC, 20 × 104 mg/L salinity) is only 9.6% of that value under the normal condition (25oC, pure water), while the z-HPAM can significantly improve salt resistance by the effects of salting-in effect and intermolecular electrostatic crosslinking, showing a viscosity retention of 22.9% under the harsh condition. The addition of PEG-containing monomer can strengthen hydrogen bonding between the polymer chains and form a sterically ordered structure with improved salinity and temperature resistance. The synergistic effect of zwitterion units and PEG units endows the zp-HPAM with good salinity and temperature resistance; thus, the sample viscosity under the harsh condition remains 170 mPa s, which retains 29% of the value under the normal condition. The enhanced rheology properties of the zp-HPAM under the harsh condition are significant for the enhanced oil recovery of water-soluble polymer flooding. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T21:35:06Z |
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| id | doaj.art-461ff3d868ff4b48b363dd94a1c8a2f6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-8016 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T21:35:06Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-461ff3d868ff4b48b363dd94a1c8a2f62022-12-21T18:11:47ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Materials2296-80162021-12-01810.3389/fmats.2021.788746788746Incorporation of Partially Hydrolyzed Polyacrylamide With Zwitterionic Units and Poly(Ethylene Glycol) Units Toward Enhanced Tolerances to High Salinity and High TemperatureGang Lu0Gang Lu1Jikuan Zhao2Shaoqi Li3Yuquan Chen4Chunfang Li5Youqi Wang6Youqi Wang7Dongxiang Li8State Key Laboratory of Shale Oil and Gas Enrichment Mechanisms and Effective Development, Beijing, ChinaResearch and Development Center for the Sustainable Development of Continental Sandstone Mature Oilfield by National Energy Administration, Beijing, ChinaCollege of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, ChinaCollege of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, ChinaCollege of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, ChinaCollege of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Shale Oil and Gas Enrichment Mechanisms and Effective Development, Beijing, ChinaResearch and Development Center for the Sustainable Development of Continental Sandstone Mature Oilfield by National Energy Administration, Beijing, ChinaState Key Laboratory Base of Eco-chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, ChinaPartially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM) was widely implemented to improve the rheological properties of displacing fluids, but the high temperature and salinity of the reservoir brine limited their applications. Herein, copolymers including HPAM, zwitterion-modified HPAM (z-HPAM), PEG-modified HPAM (p-HPAM), and zwitterion/PEG-modified HPAM (zp-HPAM) were prepared by free radical polymerization in an aqueous solution. The viscosity of these copolymers under different temperature and salinity was measured in aqueous solution. It is found that the viscosity of the HPAM under the harsh condition (90oC, 20 × 104 mg/L salinity) is only 9.6% of that value under the normal condition (25oC, pure water), while the z-HPAM can significantly improve salt resistance by the effects of salting-in effect and intermolecular electrostatic crosslinking, showing a viscosity retention of 22.9% under the harsh condition. The addition of PEG-containing monomer can strengthen hydrogen bonding between the polymer chains and form a sterically ordered structure with improved salinity and temperature resistance. The synergistic effect of zwitterion units and PEG units endows the zp-HPAM with good salinity and temperature resistance; thus, the sample viscosity under the harsh condition remains 170 mPa s, which retains 29% of the value under the normal condition. The enhanced rheology properties of the zp-HPAM under the harsh condition are significant for the enhanced oil recovery of water-soluble polymer flooding.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmats.2021.788746/fullpartially hydrolyzed polyacrylamideviscosityhigh salinity and high temperaturezwitteronic polymerpoly(ethylene glycol) |
| spellingShingle | Gang Lu Gang Lu Jikuan Zhao Shaoqi Li Yuquan Chen Chunfang Li Youqi Wang Youqi Wang Dongxiang Li Incorporation of Partially Hydrolyzed Polyacrylamide With Zwitterionic Units and Poly(Ethylene Glycol) Units Toward Enhanced Tolerances to High Salinity and High Temperature Frontiers in Materials partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide viscosity high salinity and high temperature zwitteronic polymer poly(ethylene glycol) |
| title | Incorporation of Partially Hydrolyzed Polyacrylamide With Zwitterionic Units and Poly(Ethylene Glycol) Units Toward Enhanced Tolerances to High Salinity and High Temperature |
| title_full | Incorporation of Partially Hydrolyzed Polyacrylamide With Zwitterionic Units and Poly(Ethylene Glycol) Units Toward Enhanced Tolerances to High Salinity and High Temperature |
| title_fullStr | Incorporation of Partially Hydrolyzed Polyacrylamide With Zwitterionic Units and Poly(Ethylene Glycol) Units Toward Enhanced Tolerances to High Salinity and High Temperature |
| title_full_unstemmed | Incorporation of Partially Hydrolyzed Polyacrylamide With Zwitterionic Units and Poly(Ethylene Glycol) Units Toward Enhanced Tolerances to High Salinity and High Temperature |
| title_short | Incorporation of Partially Hydrolyzed Polyacrylamide With Zwitterionic Units and Poly(Ethylene Glycol) Units Toward Enhanced Tolerances to High Salinity and High Temperature |
| title_sort | incorporation of partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide with zwitterionic units and poly ethylene glycol units toward enhanced tolerances to high salinity and high temperature |
| topic | partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide viscosity high salinity and high temperature zwitteronic polymer poly(ethylene glycol) |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmats.2021.788746/full |
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