Toxicity of Insecticides and Miticides to Natural Enemies in Australian Grains: A Review
Continued prophylactic chemical control to reduce pest populations in Australian grain farming systems has limited the effectiveness of biological control via natural enemies in crops within an integrated pest management (IPM) framework. While a variety of data is available to infer potential non-ta...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-02-01
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| Series: | Insects |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/12/2/187 |
| _version_ | 1797395633708990464 |
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| author | Kathy Overton Ary A. Hoffmann Olivia L. Reynolds Paul A. Umina |
| author_facet | Kathy Overton Ary A. Hoffmann Olivia L. Reynolds Paul A. Umina |
| author_sort | Kathy Overton |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Continued prophylactic chemical control to reduce pest populations in Australian grain farming systems has limited the effectiveness of biological control via natural enemies in crops within an integrated pest management (IPM) framework. While a variety of data is available to infer potential non-target effects of chemicals on arthropod natural enemies, much of it may be irrelevant or difficult to access. Here, we synthesise the literature relevant to Australian grain crops and highlight current knowledge gaps for potential future investment. A range of testing methodologies have been utilised, often deviating from standardised International Organization for Biological Control (IOBC) protocols. Consistent with findings from over 30 years ago, research has continued to occur predominantly at laboratory scales and on natural enemy families that are easily reared or commercially available. There is a paucity of data for many generalist predators, in particular for spiders, hoverflies, and rove and carabid beetles. Furthermore, very few studies have tested the effects of seed treatments on natural enemies, presenting a significant gap given the widespread global use of neonicotinoid seed treatments. There is a need to validate results obtained under laboratory conditions at industry-relevant scales and also prioritise testing on several key natural enemy species we have identified, which should assist with the adoption of IPM practices and decrease the reliance on broad-spectrum chemicals. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T00:38:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-463ea7ec92cd4f0f97e604852c24e212 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4450 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T00:38:20Z |
| publishDate | 2021-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Insects |
| spelling | doaj.art-463ea7ec92cd4f0f97e604852c24e2122023-12-11T17:59:43ZengMDPI AGInsects2075-44502021-02-0112218710.3390/insects12020187Toxicity of Insecticides and Miticides to Natural Enemies in Australian Grains: A ReviewKathy Overton0Ary A. Hoffmann1Olivia L. Reynolds2Paul A. Umina3Cesar Australia, 293 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, AustraliaPest and Environmental Adaptation Research Group, School of BioSciences, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, AustraliaCesar Australia, 293 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, AustraliaCesar Australia, 293 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, AustraliaContinued prophylactic chemical control to reduce pest populations in Australian grain farming systems has limited the effectiveness of biological control via natural enemies in crops within an integrated pest management (IPM) framework. While a variety of data is available to infer potential non-target effects of chemicals on arthropod natural enemies, much of it may be irrelevant or difficult to access. Here, we synthesise the literature relevant to Australian grain crops and highlight current knowledge gaps for potential future investment. A range of testing methodologies have been utilised, often deviating from standardised International Organization for Biological Control (IOBC) protocols. Consistent with findings from over 30 years ago, research has continued to occur predominantly at laboratory scales and on natural enemy families that are easily reared or commercially available. There is a paucity of data for many generalist predators, in particular for spiders, hoverflies, and rove and carabid beetles. Furthermore, very few studies have tested the effects of seed treatments on natural enemies, presenting a significant gap given the widespread global use of neonicotinoid seed treatments. There is a need to validate results obtained under laboratory conditions at industry-relevant scales and also prioritise testing on several key natural enemy species we have identified, which should assist with the adoption of IPM practices and decrease the reliance on broad-spectrum chemicals.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/12/2/187beneficial insectbroadacrechemicalpredatorparasitoidpesticide |
| spellingShingle | Kathy Overton Ary A. Hoffmann Olivia L. Reynolds Paul A. Umina Toxicity of Insecticides and Miticides to Natural Enemies in Australian Grains: A Review Insects beneficial insect broadacre chemical predator parasitoid pesticide |
| title | Toxicity of Insecticides and Miticides to Natural Enemies in Australian Grains: A Review |
| title_full | Toxicity of Insecticides and Miticides to Natural Enemies in Australian Grains: A Review |
| title_fullStr | Toxicity of Insecticides and Miticides to Natural Enemies in Australian Grains: A Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Toxicity of Insecticides and Miticides to Natural Enemies in Australian Grains: A Review |
| title_short | Toxicity of Insecticides and Miticides to Natural Enemies in Australian Grains: A Review |
| title_sort | toxicity of insecticides and miticides to natural enemies in australian grains a review |
| topic | beneficial insect broadacre chemical predator parasitoid pesticide |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/12/2/187 |
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