Lithium Resources and Production: Critical Assessment and Global Projections
This paper critically assesses if accessible lithium resources are sufficient for expanded demand due to lithium battery electric vehicles. The ultimately recoverable resources (URR) of lithium globally were estimated at between 19.3 (Case 1) and 55.0 (Case 3) Mt Li; Best Estimate (BE) was 23.6 Mt L...
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2012-03-01
|
| Series: | Minerals |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/2075-163X/2/1/65 |
| _version_ | 1811328519751335936 |
|---|---|
| author | Steve H. Mohr GavinM. Mudd Damien Giurco |
| author_facet | Steve H. Mohr GavinM. Mudd Damien Giurco |
| author_sort | Steve H. Mohr |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This paper critically assesses if accessible lithium resources are sufficient for expanded demand due to lithium battery electric vehicles. The ultimately recoverable resources (URR) of lithium globally were estimated at between 19.3 (Case 1) and 55.0 (Case 3) Mt Li; Best Estimate (BE) was 23.6 Mt Li. The Mohr 2010 model was modified to project lithium supply. The Case 1 URR scenario indicates sufficient lithium for a 77% maximum penetration of lithium battery electric vehicles in 2080 whereas supply is adequate to beyond 2200 in the Case 3 URR scenario. Global lithium demand approached a maximum of 857 kt Li/y, with a 100% penetration of lithium vehicles, 3.5 people per car and 10 billion population. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T15:26:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-464b6375a0174a22bcc68e6b848ef419 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-163X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T15:26:35Z |
| publishDate | 2012-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Minerals |
| spelling | doaj.art-464b6375a0174a22bcc68e6b848ef4192022-12-22T02:41:29ZengMDPI AGMinerals2075-163X2012-03-0121658410.3390/min2010065Lithium Resources and Production: Critical Assessment and Global ProjectionsSteve H. MohrGavinM. MuddDamien GiurcoThis paper critically assesses if accessible lithium resources are sufficient for expanded demand due to lithium battery electric vehicles. The ultimately recoverable resources (URR) of lithium globally were estimated at between 19.3 (Case 1) and 55.0 (Case 3) Mt Li; Best Estimate (BE) was 23.6 Mt Li. The Mohr 2010 model was modified to project lithium supply. The Case 1 URR scenario indicates sufficient lithium for a 77% maximum penetration of lithium battery electric vehicles in 2080 whereas supply is adequate to beyond 2200 in the Case 3 URR scenario. Global lithium demand approached a maximum of 857 kt Li/y, with a 100% penetration of lithium vehicles, 3.5 people per car and 10 billion population.http://www.mdpi.com/2075-163X/2/1/65lithium resourceslithium supplyelectric vehicle demand |
| spellingShingle | Steve H. Mohr GavinM. Mudd Damien Giurco Lithium Resources and Production: Critical Assessment and Global Projections Minerals lithium resources lithium supply electric vehicle demand |
| title | Lithium Resources and Production: Critical Assessment and Global Projections |
| title_full | Lithium Resources and Production: Critical Assessment and Global Projections |
| title_fullStr | Lithium Resources and Production: Critical Assessment and Global Projections |
| title_full_unstemmed | Lithium Resources and Production: Critical Assessment and Global Projections |
| title_short | Lithium Resources and Production: Critical Assessment and Global Projections |
| title_sort | lithium resources and production critical assessment and global projections |
| topic | lithium resources lithium supply electric vehicle demand |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/2075-163X/2/1/65 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT stevehmohr lithiumresourcesandproductioncriticalassessmentandglobalprojections AT gavinmmudd lithiumresourcesandproductioncriticalassessmentandglobalprojections AT damiengiurco lithiumresourcesandproductioncriticalassessmentandglobalprojections |