Maternal Stress Reduces the Susceptibility of Root-Knot Nematodes to Pasteuria Penetrans
Pasteuria penetrans is an obligate parasite of root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.). Endospores of P. penetrans attach to the cuticle of second-stage juveniles (J2) and complete their life cycle within the nematode female body. Infected females will be filled with spores and will be sterilized. St...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Sciendo
2019-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Nematology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.21307/jofnem-2019-040 |
| _version_ | 1811159236008214528 |
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| author | Liu Chang Ji Pingsheng Timper Patricia |
| author_facet | Liu Chang Ji Pingsheng Timper Patricia |
| author_sort | Liu Chang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Pasteuria penetrans is an obligate parasite of root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.). Endospores of P. penetrans attach to the cuticle of second-stage juveniles (J2) and complete their life cycle within the nematode female body. Infected females will be filled with spores and will be sterilized. Studies with Daphnia magna and its parasite Pasteuria ramosa showed that a poor maternal environment can lead to offspring resistant to P. ramosa. Therefore, we hypothesized that Meloidogyne arenaria females raised under a stressed environment would produce offspring that were more resistant to P. penetrans. Females were exposed to a stressed environment created by crowding and low-food supply, or a non-stressed environment and their offspring evaluated for endospore attachment and infection by P. penetrans. No difference in spore attachment was observed between the two treatments. However, infection rate of P. penetrans in the stressed treatment was significantly lower than that in the non-stressed treatment (8 vs 18%). Mothers raised under stressed conditions appeared to produce more resistant offspring than did mothers raised under favorable conditions. Under stressful conditions, M. arenaria mothers may provide their progeny with enhanced survival traits. In the field, when nematode populations are not managed, they often reach the carrying capacity of their host plant by the end of the season. This study suggests that the next generation of inoculum may be more resistant to infection by P. penetrans. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T05:37:41Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4651f760ff97434c8d5de749ed131274 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2640-396X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T05:37:41Z |
| publishDate | 2019-01-01 |
| publisher | Sciendo |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Nematology |
| spelling | doaj.art-4651f760ff97434c8d5de749ed1312742023-03-06T16:52:20ZengSciendoJournal of Nematology2640-396X2019-01-015111810.21307/jofnem-2019-040Maternal Stress Reduces the Susceptibility of Root-Knot Nematodes to Pasteuria PenetransLiu Chang0Ji Pingsheng1Timper Patricia2Department of Plant Pathology, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA, 31793USADepartment of Plant Pathology, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA, 31793USADepartment of Plant Pathology, University of GeorgiaUSDA ARS, P.O. Box 748, Tifton, GA, 31793USAPasteuria penetrans is an obligate parasite of root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.). Endospores of P. penetrans attach to the cuticle of second-stage juveniles (J2) and complete their life cycle within the nematode female body. Infected females will be filled with spores and will be sterilized. Studies with Daphnia magna and its parasite Pasteuria ramosa showed that a poor maternal environment can lead to offspring resistant to P. ramosa. Therefore, we hypothesized that Meloidogyne arenaria females raised under a stressed environment would produce offspring that were more resistant to P. penetrans. Females were exposed to a stressed environment created by crowding and low-food supply, or a non-stressed environment and their offspring evaluated for endospore attachment and infection by P. penetrans. No difference in spore attachment was observed between the two treatments. However, infection rate of P. penetrans in the stressed treatment was significantly lower than that in the non-stressed treatment (8 vs 18%). Mothers raised under stressed conditions appeared to produce more resistant offspring than did mothers raised under favorable conditions. Under stressful conditions, M. arenaria mothers may provide their progeny with enhanced survival traits. In the field, when nematode populations are not managed, they often reach the carrying capacity of their host plant by the end of the season. This study suggests that the next generation of inoculum may be more resistant to infection by P. penetrans.https://doi.org/10.21307/jofnem-2019-040biological controlcrowdinghost-parasite interactionsmeloidogyne arenariatransgenerational immune priming |
| spellingShingle | Liu Chang Ji Pingsheng Timper Patricia Maternal Stress Reduces the Susceptibility of Root-Knot Nematodes to Pasteuria Penetrans Journal of Nematology biological control crowding host-parasite interactions meloidogyne arenaria transgenerational immune priming |
| title | Maternal Stress Reduces the Susceptibility of Root-Knot Nematodes to Pasteuria Penetrans |
| title_full | Maternal Stress Reduces the Susceptibility of Root-Knot Nematodes to Pasteuria Penetrans |
| title_fullStr | Maternal Stress Reduces the Susceptibility of Root-Knot Nematodes to Pasteuria Penetrans |
| title_full_unstemmed | Maternal Stress Reduces the Susceptibility of Root-Knot Nematodes to Pasteuria Penetrans |
| title_short | Maternal Stress Reduces the Susceptibility of Root-Knot Nematodes to Pasteuria Penetrans |
| title_sort | maternal stress reduces the susceptibility of root knot nematodes to pasteuria penetrans |
| topic | biological control crowding host-parasite interactions meloidogyne arenaria transgenerational immune priming |
| url | https://doi.org/10.21307/jofnem-2019-040 |
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