Association between Postpartum Depression and Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder in Primigravida after Elective Caesarean Section: A Prospective Cohort Study
Introduction: The determinants of Postpartum Depression (PPD), such as Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD) are not properly focused specially in the developing countries like India. But, it may help in proper screening, early diagnosis and management of such cases with improved prognosis. Ai...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited
2021-11-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://jcdr.net/articles/PDF/15593/50211_CE[Ra1]_F[SH]_PF1(SC_SS)_PFA(SC_KM)_PN(KM).pdf |
| Summary: | Introduction: The determinants of Postpartum Depression
(PPD), such as Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD) are
not properly focused specially in the developing countries like
India. But, it may help in proper screening, early diagnosis and
management of such cases with improved prognosis.
Aim: To determine the association between PPD and PMDD in
primigravida undergoing elective caesarean section.
Materials and Methods: This prospective cohort study included
78 primigravida undergoing elective caesarean section conducted
in a tertiary centre from February 2019 to January 2020. PPD was
screened by Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and
the severity assessed by Beck’s Depression Inventory (BDI) on
day 7,14,42 postpartum. Primarily, the association of PPD with
PMDD was assessed by Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of
Mental Disorders (DSM-5). The socio-demographic determinants
of PPD were the secondary outcome measurement of this study.
Unpaired Student’s t-test and Chi-square test were used to
determine the association. Numerical variables were analysed
by Unpaired Student’s t-test and categorical variables were
analysed by Chi-square test.
Results: Total 78 primipara females undergoing elective caesarean
section participated, out of which six females were lost to follow-up,
hence 72 were the study subjects. Total 22 participants (30.55%)
developed PPD. The prevalence of PMDD was n=26 (36.11%)
in study population (81.81% in depression group, 16% in non
depression group). So, a greater prevalence of PMDD was noted
in patients with PPD (p-value <0.0001). In the present study, marital
satisfaction, planned pregnancy and family without any history
of psychiatric disorders were found to be associated with lower
prevalence of PPD.
Conclusion: This study with a small sample size gives a direction
to assess the determinant of PPD for timely intervention with
better prognosis. |
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| ISSN: | 2249-782X 0973-709X |