Microbial Safety of Smoothie Drinks from Fresh Bars Collected in Slovakia
Among the many consumers in Slovakia, smoothies are nowadays gaining popularity. Smoothie drinks are prepared from raw fruits and vegetables. Therefore, their microbiological safety depends on hygiene standards. The aim of this work was to monitor and quantify selected sensitive and antibiotic-resis...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-03-01
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| Series: | Foods |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/10/3/551 |
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| author | Monika Krahulcová Barbora Micajová Petra Olejníková Klára Cverenkárová Lucia Bírošová |
| author_facet | Monika Krahulcová Barbora Micajová Petra Olejníková Klára Cverenkárová Lucia Bírošová |
| author_sort | Monika Krahulcová |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Among the many consumers in Slovakia, smoothies are nowadays gaining popularity. Smoothie drinks are prepared from raw fruits and vegetables. Therefore, their microbiological safety depends on hygiene standards. The aim of this work was to monitor and quantify selected sensitive and antibiotic-resistant microorganisms present in collected smoothies. Twenty analyzed smoothie samples were collected from six food service establishments (fresh bars) in the capital city of Slovakia, Bratislava. Antibiotic-resistant bacteria were found in at least one of each fresh bar. Antibiotic-resistant coliform bacteria prevailed, especially in green smoothies or juices containing more vegetable ingredients. Resistance to ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, and gentamicin was observed in the case of coliform bacteria. More than half of the smoothie drink samples did not contain resistant enterococci. On the other hand, vancomycin-resistant enterococci were detected in 20% of samples. The most frequently isolated antibiotic-resistant strains belonged to the <i>Enterobacter</i> spp. or <i>Klebsiella</i> spp. genus. In the last part of the work, the pretreatment effect of smoothie components on the selected microorganisms’ counts in the final product was investigated. Washing ingredients with an aqueous solution of a biocide agent containing silver and hydrogen peroxide proved to be the most effective way to decrease bacterial counts. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:07:56Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-466760c414da4ad1a62a64ed7ef66a08 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2304-8158 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:07:56Z |
| publishDate | 2021-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Foods |
| spelling | doaj.art-466760c414da4ad1a62a64ed7ef66a082023-12-03T12:52:57ZengMDPI AGFoods2304-81582021-03-0110355110.3390/foods10030551Microbial Safety of Smoothie Drinks from Fresh Bars Collected in SlovakiaMonika Krahulcová0Barbora Micajová1Petra Olejníková2Klára Cverenkárová3Lucia Bírošová4Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Department of Nutrition and Food Quality Assessment, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 81237 Bratislava, SlovakiaFaculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Department of Nutrition and Food Quality Assessment, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 81237 Bratislava, SlovakiaFaculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Institute of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 81237 Bratislava, SlovakiaFaculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Department of Nutrition and Food Quality Assessment, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 81237 Bratislava, SlovakiaFaculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Department of Nutrition and Food Quality Assessment, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 81237 Bratislava, SlovakiaAmong the many consumers in Slovakia, smoothies are nowadays gaining popularity. Smoothie drinks are prepared from raw fruits and vegetables. Therefore, their microbiological safety depends on hygiene standards. The aim of this work was to monitor and quantify selected sensitive and antibiotic-resistant microorganisms present in collected smoothies. Twenty analyzed smoothie samples were collected from six food service establishments (fresh bars) in the capital city of Slovakia, Bratislava. Antibiotic-resistant bacteria were found in at least one of each fresh bar. Antibiotic-resistant coliform bacteria prevailed, especially in green smoothies or juices containing more vegetable ingredients. Resistance to ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, and gentamicin was observed in the case of coliform bacteria. More than half of the smoothie drink samples did not contain resistant enterococci. On the other hand, vancomycin-resistant enterococci were detected in 20% of samples. The most frequently isolated antibiotic-resistant strains belonged to the <i>Enterobacter</i> spp. or <i>Klebsiella</i> spp. genus. In the last part of the work, the pretreatment effect of smoothie components on the selected microorganisms’ counts in the final product was investigated. Washing ingredients with an aqueous solution of a biocide agent containing silver and hydrogen peroxide proved to be the most effective way to decrease bacterial counts.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/10/3/551coliform bacteriaenterococcismoothieantibiotic resistance |
| spellingShingle | Monika Krahulcová Barbora Micajová Petra Olejníková Klára Cverenkárová Lucia Bírošová Microbial Safety of Smoothie Drinks from Fresh Bars Collected in Slovakia Foods coliform bacteria enterococci smoothie antibiotic resistance |
| title | Microbial Safety of Smoothie Drinks from Fresh Bars Collected in Slovakia |
| title_full | Microbial Safety of Smoothie Drinks from Fresh Bars Collected in Slovakia |
| title_fullStr | Microbial Safety of Smoothie Drinks from Fresh Bars Collected in Slovakia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Microbial Safety of Smoothie Drinks from Fresh Bars Collected in Slovakia |
| title_short | Microbial Safety of Smoothie Drinks from Fresh Bars Collected in Slovakia |
| title_sort | microbial safety of smoothie drinks from fresh bars collected in slovakia |
| topic | coliform bacteria enterococci smoothie antibiotic resistance |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/10/3/551 |
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