Differential Effects of MS Therapeutics on B Cells—Implications for Their Use and Failure in AQP4-Positive NMOSD Patients
B cells are considered major contributors to multiple sclerosis (MS) pathophysiology. While lately approved disease-modifying drugs like ocrelizumab deplete B cells directly, most MS medications were not primarily designed to target B cells. Here, we review the current understanding how approved MS...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-07-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/14/5021 |
| _version_ | 1797562318528184320 |
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| author | Jan Traub Silke Häusser-Kinzel Martin S. Weber |
| author_facet | Jan Traub Silke Häusser-Kinzel Martin S. Weber |
| author_sort | Jan Traub |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | B cells are considered major contributors to multiple sclerosis (MS) pathophysiology. While lately approved disease-modifying drugs like ocrelizumab deplete B cells directly, most MS medications were not primarily designed to target B cells. Here, we review the current understanding how approved MS medications affect peripheral B lymphocytes in humans. These highly contrasting effects are of substantial importance when considering these drugs as therapy for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD), a frequent differential diagnosis to MS, which is considered being a primarily B cell- and antibody-driven diseases. Data indicates that MS medications, which deplete B cells or induce an anti-inflammatory phenotype of the remaining ones, were effective and safe in aquaporin-4 antibody positive NMOSD. In contrast, drugs such as natalizumab and interferon-β, which lead to activation and accumulation of B cells in the peripheral blood, lack efficacy or even induce catastrophic disease activity in NMOSD. Hence, we conclude that the differential effect of MS drugs on B cells is one potential parameter determining the therapeutic efficacy or failure in antibody-dependent diseases like seropositive NMOSD. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:26:34Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4690d32bba824112ad074cb2cdc78d49 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:26:34Z |
| publishDate | 2020-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-4690d32bba824112ad074cb2cdc78d492023-11-20T06:57:26ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672020-07-012114502110.3390/ijms21145021Differential Effects of MS Therapeutics on B Cells—Implications for Their Use and Failure in AQP4-Positive NMOSD PatientsJan Traub0Silke Häusser-Kinzel1Martin S. Weber2Department of Neurology, University Medical Center, 37075 Göttingen, GermanyInstitute for Neuropathology, University Medical Center, 37075 Göttingen, GermanyDepartment of Neurology, University Medical Center, 37075 Göttingen, GermanyB cells are considered major contributors to multiple sclerosis (MS) pathophysiology. While lately approved disease-modifying drugs like ocrelizumab deplete B cells directly, most MS medications were not primarily designed to target B cells. Here, we review the current understanding how approved MS medications affect peripheral B lymphocytes in humans. These highly contrasting effects are of substantial importance when considering these drugs as therapy for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD), a frequent differential diagnosis to MS, which is considered being a primarily B cell- and antibody-driven diseases. Data indicates that MS medications, which deplete B cells or induce an anti-inflammatory phenotype of the remaining ones, were effective and safe in aquaporin-4 antibody positive NMOSD. In contrast, drugs such as natalizumab and interferon-β, which lead to activation and accumulation of B cells in the peripheral blood, lack efficacy or even induce catastrophic disease activity in NMOSD. Hence, we conclude that the differential effect of MS drugs on B cells is one potential parameter determining the therapeutic efficacy or failure in antibody-dependent diseases like seropositive NMOSD.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/14/5021neuromyelitis optica spectrum disordersmultiple sclerosisB cellsdimethyl fumarateglatiramer acetatefingolimod |
| spellingShingle | Jan Traub Silke Häusser-Kinzel Martin S. Weber Differential Effects of MS Therapeutics on B Cells—Implications for Their Use and Failure in AQP4-Positive NMOSD Patients International Journal of Molecular Sciences neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders multiple sclerosis B cells dimethyl fumarate glatiramer acetate fingolimod |
| title | Differential Effects of MS Therapeutics on B Cells—Implications for Their Use and Failure in AQP4-Positive NMOSD Patients |
| title_full | Differential Effects of MS Therapeutics on B Cells—Implications for Their Use and Failure in AQP4-Positive NMOSD Patients |
| title_fullStr | Differential Effects of MS Therapeutics on B Cells—Implications for Their Use and Failure in AQP4-Positive NMOSD Patients |
| title_full_unstemmed | Differential Effects of MS Therapeutics on B Cells—Implications for Their Use and Failure in AQP4-Positive NMOSD Patients |
| title_short | Differential Effects of MS Therapeutics on B Cells—Implications for Their Use and Failure in AQP4-Positive NMOSD Patients |
| title_sort | differential effects of ms therapeutics on b cells implications for their use and failure in aqp4 positive nmosd patients |
| topic | neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders multiple sclerosis B cells dimethyl fumarate glatiramer acetate fingolimod |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/14/5021 |
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