Sero-prevalence and factors associated with anti-Brucella antibodies in slaughter livestock in Uganda
IntroductionBrucellosis is endemic in Uganda and is a major cause of production losses in livestock. Early detection and quantification of the disease is vital for its control and eradication. The aim of this study was to assess the sero-prevalence and factors associated with anti-Brucella antibodie...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Epidemiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fepid.2023.1213592/full |
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| author | James Bugeza James Bugeza James Bugeza Kristina Roesel Ignacio Moriyon Denis Mugizi Lordrick Alinaitwe Velma Kivali Clovice Kankya Elizabeth Anne Jessie Cook |
| author_facet | James Bugeza James Bugeza James Bugeza Kristina Roesel Ignacio Moriyon Denis Mugizi Lordrick Alinaitwe Velma Kivali Clovice Kankya Elizabeth Anne Jessie Cook |
| author_sort | James Bugeza |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | IntroductionBrucellosis is endemic in Uganda and is a major cause of production losses in livestock. Early detection and quantification of the disease is vital for its control and eradication. The aim of this study was to assess the sero-prevalence and factors associated with anti-Brucella antibodies in slaughtered livestock.Materials and methodsSera from 886 cattle, 925 small ruminants, and 900 pigs were collected from regional abattoirs in Northern, Eastern and Central Uganda. To estimate sero-prevalence, sera were serially tested using a combination of the Rose Bengal Test (RBT) and Native Hapten (NH) immunoprecipitation test. True sero-prevalence was estimated using the Rogan-Gladden estimator considering the sensitivity and specificity of the NH immunoprecipitation test. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess factors associated with seropositivity for anti-Brucella antibodies.Results and discussionSmall ruminants showed the highest seroprevalence (6.7%, 95% CI = 4.2-7.1) followed by cattle (3.8%, 95% CI = 2.4-4.9) and pigs (2.8%, 95% CI = 1.1-2.9). Seropositivity for anti-Brucella antibodies was associated with region of origin (OR = 4.6,95%CI=1.49-17.75, p = 0.013) for cattle; sex (OR = 2.90, 95% C = 1.5-6.34, p = 0.004), age (OR=4.04, 95% CI = 1.07-8.52, p = 0.006) and species (OR = 2.53, 95% CI = 1.08-6.98, p = 0.048) for small ruminants; and finally sex for pigs (OR = 2.88, 95% CI = 1.07-8.52, p = 0.041). Progressive control interventions must include both cattle and small ruminants since they play a bigger role in the maintenance and dissemination of Brucella. The interventions should adopt a risk-based approach with regions at higher risk being given top priority. Bacteriological and molecular studies should be undertaken to clarify the role of pigs and the goat-cattle cross infections in the epidemiological cycle of brucellosis in Uganda. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T02:23:57Z |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T02:23:57Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-46c16deed7634c028f3e6f62333c36b82023-06-30T06:06:45ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Epidemiology2674-11992023-06-01310.3389/fepid.2023.12135921213592Sero-prevalence and factors associated with anti-Brucella antibodies in slaughter livestock in UgandaJames Bugeza0James Bugeza1James Bugeza2Kristina Roesel3Ignacio Moriyon4Denis Mugizi5Lordrick Alinaitwe6Velma Kivali7Clovice Kankya8Elizabeth Anne Jessie Cook9Department of Animal and Human Health, International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Kampala, UgandaVaccinology Research Program, National Livestock Resources Research Institute (NaLIRRI), Kampala, UgandaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity, Makerere University, Kampala, UgandaDepartment of Animal and Human Health, International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, KenyaDepartment of Microbiology and Parasitology, ISTUN (Instituto de Salud Tropical) y Depto. Microbiología y Parasitología Universidad de Navarra, Edificio de Investigación, Pamplona, España (Spain)Department of Animal and Human Health, International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Kampala, UgandaDepartment of Animal and Human Health, International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Kampala, UgandaDepartment of Animal and Human Health, International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Kampala, UgandaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity, Makerere University, Kampala, UgandaDepartment of Animal and Human Health, International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, KenyaIntroductionBrucellosis is endemic in Uganda and is a major cause of production losses in livestock. Early detection and quantification of the disease is vital for its control and eradication. The aim of this study was to assess the sero-prevalence and factors associated with anti-Brucella antibodies in slaughtered livestock.Materials and methodsSera from 886 cattle, 925 small ruminants, and 900 pigs were collected from regional abattoirs in Northern, Eastern and Central Uganda. To estimate sero-prevalence, sera were serially tested using a combination of the Rose Bengal Test (RBT) and Native Hapten (NH) immunoprecipitation test. True sero-prevalence was estimated using the Rogan-Gladden estimator considering the sensitivity and specificity of the NH immunoprecipitation test. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess factors associated with seropositivity for anti-Brucella antibodies.Results and discussionSmall ruminants showed the highest seroprevalence (6.7%, 95% CI = 4.2-7.1) followed by cattle (3.8%, 95% CI = 2.4-4.9) and pigs (2.8%, 95% CI = 1.1-2.9). Seropositivity for anti-Brucella antibodies was associated with region of origin (OR = 4.6,95%CI=1.49-17.75, p = 0.013) for cattle; sex (OR = 2.90, 95% C = 1.5-6.34, p = 0.004), age (OR=4.04, 95% CI = 1.07-8.52, p = 0.006) and species (OR = 2.53, 95% CI = 1.08-6.98, p = 0.048) for small ruminants; and finally sex for pigs (OR = 2.88, 95% CI = 1.07-8.52, p = 0.041). Progressive control interventions must include both cattle and small ruminants since they play a bigger role in the maintenance and dissemination of Brucella. The interventions should adopt a risk-based approach with regions at higher risk being given top priority. Bacteriological and molecular studies should be undertaken to clarify the role of pigs and the goat-cattle cross infections in the epidemiological cycle of brucellosis in Uganda.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fepid.2023.1213592/fullantibodiesBrucellaBrucellosisfalse positive serological reactionlivestocksero-prevalence |
| spellingShingle | James Bugeza James Bugeza James Bugeza Kristina Roesel Ignacio Moriyon Denis Mugizi Lordrick Alinaitwe Velma Kivali Clovice Kankya Elizabeth Anne Jessie Cook Sero-prevalence and factors associated with anti-Brucella antibodies in slaughter livestock in Uganda Frontiers in Epidemiology antibodies Brucella Brucellosis false positive serological reaction livestock sero-prevalence |
| title | Sero-prevalence and factors associated with anti-Brucella antibodies in slaughter livestock in Uganda |
| title_full | Sero-prevalence and factors associated with anti-Brucella antibodies in slaughter livestock in Uganda |
| title_fullStr | Sero-prevalence and factors associated with anti-Brucella antibodies in slaughter livestock in Uganda |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sero-prevalence and factors associated with anti-Brucella antibodies in slaughter livestock in Uganda |
| title_short | Sero-prevalence and factors associated with anti-Brucella antibodies in slaughter livestock in Uganda |
| title_sort | sero prevalence and factors associated with anti brucella antibodies in slaughter livestock in uganda |
| topic | antibodies Brucella Brucellosis false positive serological reaction livestock sero-prevalence |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fepid.2023.1213592/full |
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