NSP16 2′-O-MTase in Coronavirus Pathogenesis: Possible Prevention and Treatments Strategies
Several life-threatening viruses have recently appeared, including the coronavirus, infecting a variety of human and animal hosts and causing a range of diseases like human upper respiratory tract infections. They not only cause serious human and animal deaths, but also cause serious public health p...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-03-01
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| Series: | Viruses |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/13/4/538 |
| _version_ | 1797540216070733824 |
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| author | Li-Jen Chang Tsung-Hsien Chen |
| author_facet | Li-Jen Chang Tsung-Hsien Chen |
| author_sort | Li-Jen Chang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Several life-threatening viruses have recently appeared, including the coronavirus, infecting a variety of human and animal hosts and causing a range of diseases like human upper respiratory tract infections. They not only cause serious human and animal deaths, but also cause serious public health problems worldwide. Currently, seven species are known to infect humans, namely SARS-CoV-2, MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV, HCoV-229E, HCoV-NL63, HCoV-OC43, and HCoV-HKU1. The coronavirus nonstructural protein 16 (NSP16) structure is similar to the 5′-end capping system of mRNA used by eukaryotic hosts and plays a vital role in evading host immunity response and protects the nascent viral mRNA from degradation. NSP16 is also well-conserved among related coronaviruses and requires its binding partner NSP10 to activate its enzymatic activity. With the continued threat of viral emergence highlighted by human coronaviruses and SARS-CoV-2, mutant strains continue to appear, affecting the highly conserved NSP16: this provides a possible therapeutic approach applicable to any novel coronavirus. To this end, current information on the 2′-O-MTase activity mechanism, the differences between NSP16 and NSP10 in human coronaviruses, and the current potential prevention and treatment strategies related to NSP16 are summarized in this review. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:56:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-46d2f61837fd44b3a690d409a6e062d8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:56:57Z |
| publishDate | 2021-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Viruses |
| spelling | doaj.art-46d2f61837fd44b3a690d409a6e062d82023-11-21T11:48:21ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152021-03-0113453810.3390/v13040538NSP16 2′-O-MTase in Coronavirus Pathogenesis: Possible Prevention and Treatments StrategiesLi-Jen Chang0Tsung-Hsien Chen1Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi 60002, TaiwanDepartment of Internal Medicine, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi 60002, TaiwanSeveral life-threatening viruses have recently appeared, including the coronavirus, infecting a variety of human and animal hosts and causing a range of diseases like human upper respiratory tract infections. They not only cause serious human and animal deaths, but also cause serious public health problems worldwide. Currently, seven species are known to infect humans, namely SARS-CoV-2, MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV, HCoV-229E, HCoV-NL63, HCoV-OC43, and HCoV-HKU1. The coronavirus nonstructural protein 16 (NSP16) structure is similar to the 5′-end capping system of mRNA used by eukaryotic hosts and plays a vital role in evading host immunity response and protects the nascent viral mRNA from degradation. NSP16 is also well-conserved among related coronaviruses and requires its binding partner NSP10 to activate its enzymatic activity. With the continued threat of viral emergence highlighted by human coronaviruses and SARS-CoV-2, mutant strains continue to appear, affecting the highly conserved NSP16: this provides a possible therapeutic approach applicable to any novel coronavirus. To this end, current information on the 2′-O-MTase activity mechanism, the differences between NSP16 and NSP10 in human coronaviruses, and the current potential prevention and treatment strategies related to NSP16 are summarized in this review.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/13/4/538coronavirusnonstructural protein 162′-O-MTasepreventiontreatment |
| spellingShingle | Li-Jen Chang Tsung-Hsien Chen NSP16 2′-O-MTase in Coronavirus Pathogenesis: Possible Prevention and Treatments Strategies Viruses coronavirus nonstructural protein 16 2′-O-MTase prevention treatment |
| title | NSP16 2′-O-MTase in Coronavirus Pathogenesis: Possible Prevention and Treatments Strategies |
| title_full | NSP16 2′-O-MTase in Coronavirus Pathogenesis: Possible Prevention and Treatments Strategies |
| title_fullStr | NSP16 2′-O-MTase in Coronavirus Pathogenesis: Possible Prevention and Treatments Strategies |
| title_full_unstemmed | NSP16 2′-O-MTase in Coronavirus Pathogenesis: Possible Prevention and Treatments Strategies |
| title_short | NSP16 2′-O-MTase in Coronavirus Pathogenesis: Possible Prevention and Treatments Strategies |
| title_sort | nsp16 2 o mtase in coronavirus pathogenesis possible prevention and treatments strategies |
| topic | coronavirus nonstructural protein 16 2′-O-MTase prevention treatment |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/13/4/538 |
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