Deficiencies of Secondary Nutrients in Crop Plants—A Real Challenge to Improve Nitrogen Management
Secondary nutrient (e.g., calcium, magnesium, sulfur) deficiencies in crop plants disturb the nitrogen balance in the plants, thus reducing the overall yield. This hypothesis was analyzed based on the physiological functions of these nutrients, in relation to the uptake and utilization of N, in crop...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/1/66 |
| _version_ | 1797447233057062912 |
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| author | Witold Grzebisz Waldemar Zielewicz Katarzyna Przygocka-Cyna |
| author_facet | Witold Grzebisz Waldemar Zielewicz Katarzyna Przygocka-Cyna |
| author_sort | Witold Grzebisz |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Secondary nutrient (e.g., calcium, magnesium, sulfur) deficiencies in crop plants disturb the nitrogen balance in the plants, thus reducing the overall yield. This hypothesis was analyzed based on the physiological functions of these nutrients, in relation to the uptake and utilization of N, in crop plants. Nitrogen uptake by plants requires a well-developed root system, the size of which depends on the supply of calcium. This process is largely controlled by the content of toxic aluminum in the soil, which can be mitigated through the application of lime and/or gypsum. In humid climates, the excessive uptake of calcium by plants occurs during water shortages; this process significantly interferes with N uptake. Magnesium, which affects plant growth throughout the growing season, can effectively control excessive calcium uptake. Magnesium deficiency can be ameliorated with soil- or foliar-applied fertilizers. These stages define the timing of plant sampling and determination of the N:S ratio, as an indicator of plant nutritional status. The application of Mg, S, or MgS facilitates higher productivity of fertilizer N by narrowing the N:Mg and N:S ratios in plants. The use of secondary nutrients can allow farmers to obtain high yields while reducing both production costs and environmental risks. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:51:55Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-46d961d53a664672bcc71c8809ae60e6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:51:55Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-46d961d53a664672bcc71c8809ae60e62023-11-30T20:48:27ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952022-12-011316610.3390/agronomy13010066Deficiencies of Secondary Nutrients in Crop Plants—A Real Challenge to Improve Nitrogen ManagementWitold Grzebisz0Waldemar Zielewicz1Katarzyna Przygocka-Cyna2Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Environmental Biogeochemistry, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637 Poznan, PolandDepartment of Grassland and Natural Landscape Sciences, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637 Poznan, PolandDepartment of Agricultural Chemistry and Environmental Biogeochemistry, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637 Poznan, PolandSecondary nutrient (e.g., calcium, magnesium, sulfur) deficiencies in crop plants disturb the nitrogen balance in the plants, thus reducing the overall yield. This hypothesis was analyzed based on the physiological functions of these nutrients, in relation to the uptake and utilization of N, in crop plants. Nitrogen uptake by plants requires a well-developed root system, the size of which depends on the supply of calcium. This process is largely controlled by the content of toxic aluminum in the soil, which can be mitigated through the application of lime and/or gypsum. In humid climates, the excessive uptake of calcium by plants occurs during water shortages; this process significantly interferes with N uptake. Magnesium, which affects plant growth throughout the growing season, can effectively control excessive calcium uptake. Magnesium deficiency can be ameliorated with soil- or foliar-applied fertilizers. These stages define the timing of plant sampling and determination of the N:S ratio, as an indicator of plant nutritional status. The application of Mg, S, or MgS facilitates higher productivity of fertilizer N by narrowing the N:Mg and N:S ratios in plants. The use of secondary nutrients can allow farmers to obtain high yields while reducing both production costs and environmental risks.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/1/66calciummagnesiumsulfurfunctions in crop plantstoxic aluminum ameliorationnitrogen fertilizer use efficiency |
| spellingShingle | Witold Grzebisz Waldemar Zielewicz Katarzyna Przygocka-Cyna Deficiencies of Secondary Nutrients in Crop Plants—A Real Challenge to Improve Nitrogen Management Agronomy calcium magnesium sulfur functions in crop plants toxic aluminum amelioration nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency |
| title | Deficiencies of Secondary Nutrients in Crop Plants—A Real Challenge to Improve Nitrogen Management |
| title_full | Deficiencies of Secondary Nutrients in Crop Plants—A Real Challenge to Improve Nitrogen Management |
| title_fullStr | Deficiencies of Secondary Nutrients in Crop Plants—A Real Challenge to Improve Nitrogen Management |
| title_full_unstemmed | Deficiencies of Secondary Nutrients in Crop Plants—A Real Challenge to Improve Nitrogen Management |
| title_short | Deficiencies of Secondary Nutrients in Crop Plants—A Real Challenge to Improve Nitrogen Management |
| title_sort | deficiencies of secondary nutrients in crop plants a real challenge to improve nitrogen management |
| topic | calcium magnesium sulfur functions in crop plants toxic aluminum amelioration nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/1/66 |
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