Carbohydrate Partitioning, Growth and Ionic Compartmentalisation of Wheat Grown under Boron Toxic and Salt Degraded Land
Cultivation of crops in salt-affected soils is a major challenge for growers. Despite the use of multiple amendments, salinity stresses adversely affect the crops to some extent. On the other hand, imbalance in the use of boron (B) as a nutrient also creates toxicity. Mismanagement of B fertilizer a...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-03-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/3/740 |
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| author | Tayyaba Naz Muhammad Mazhar Iqbal Javaid Akhtar Muhammad Saqib Muqarrab Ali Mazhar Iqbal Zafar Bernard Dell Rahul Datta Mohammad Javed Ansari Subhan Danish Shah Fahad |
| author_facet | Tayyaba Naz Muhammad Mazhar Iqbal Javaid Akhtar Muhammad Saqib Muqarrab Ali Mazhar Iqbal Zafar Bernard Dell Rahul Datta Mohammad Javed Ansari Subhan Danish Shah Fahad |
| author_sort | Tayyaba Naz |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cultivation of crops in salt-affected soils is a major challenge for growers. Despite the use of multiple amendments, salinity stresses adversely affect the crops to some extent. On the other hand, imbalance in the use of boron (B) as a nutrient also creates toxicity. Mismanagement of B fertilizer application decreases the growth and yield of crops. It is necessary to study in depth the adverse effects of salinity and B toxicity. This is why the current research work was conducted in a glass house at Murdoch University, Perth, Australia. The aim of study was to investigate the influence of salinity and B toxicity on carbohydrate partitioning, growth, and ionic composition of two Australian wheat varieties. There were four treatments, i.e., control, high B (15 kg ha<sup>−1</sup>), salinity (15 dS m<sup>−1</sup>), and B + salinity. The results showed that the salt-tolerant Halberd (HB) variety accumulated more Na<sup>+</sup>, B, and Cl<sup>−</sup> in their leaf sheath and kept the leaf blades free of these toxic ions as compared to the sensitive variety Westonia (WS). Water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC; i.e., glucose, sucrose, fructose, and fructans) concentration increased in response to individual as well as combined constrains of soil salinity and toxic B in the leaf blade of both tolerant and sensitive wheat varieties, but the increase was higher in the tolerant variety as compared to the sensitive one. The concentration of WSCs in leaf sheath of the salt-tolerant wheat variety was increased in response to stress conditions, but those remained low in salt-sensitive ones. Therefore, the salt-tolerant HB genotype was found to be a good source for future wheat breeding programs or to be grown by farmers in B toxic, saline, and B toxic–saline conditions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:12:30Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-46d9b270ee8d4af2ba3e32425c14acf5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:12:30Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-46d9b270ee8d4af2ba3e32425c14acf52023-11-24T00:08:30ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952022-03-0112374010.3390/agronomy12030740Carbohydrate Partitioning, Growth and Ionic Compartmentalisation of Wheat Grown under Boron Toxic and Salt Degraded LandTayyaba Naz0Muhammad Mazhar Iqbal1Javaid Akhtar2Muhammad Saqib3Muqarrab Ali4Mazhar Iqbal Zafar5Bernard Dell6Rahul Datta7Mohammad Javed Ansari8Subhan Danish9Shah Fahad10Saline Agriculture Research Centre, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, PakistanInstitute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, PakistanSaline Agriculture Research Centre, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, PakistanSaline Agriculture Research Centre, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, PakistanDepartment of Agronomy, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture Multan, Multan 60000, PakistanDepartment of Environmental Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, PakistanSchool of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth 6150, AustraliaDepartment of Geology and Pedology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 61300 Brno, Czech RepublicDepartment of Botany, Hindu College Moradabad, (Mahatma Jyotiba Phule Rohilkhand University Bareilly), Moradabad 244001, IndiaDepartment of Geology and Pedology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 61300 Brno, Czech RepublicHainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresource, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, ChinaCultivation of crops in salt-affected soils is a major challenge for growers. Despite the use of multiple amendments, salinity stresses adversely affect the crops to some extent. On the other hand, imbalance in the use of boron (B) as a nutrient also creates toxicity. Mismanagement of B fertilizer application decreases the growth and yield of crops. It is necessary to study in depth the adverse effects of salinity and B toxicity. This is why the current research work was conducted in a glass house at Murdoch University, Perth, Australia. The aim of study was to investigate the influence of salinity and B toxicity on carbohydrate partitioning, growth, and ionic composition of two Australian wheat varieties. There were four treatments, i.e., control, high B (15 kg ha<sup>−1</sup>), salinity (15 dS m<sup>−1</sup>), and B + salinity. The results showed that the salt-tolerant Halberd (HB) variety accumulated more Na<sup>+</sup>, B, and Cl<sup>−</sup> in their leaf sheath and kept the leaf blades free of these toxic ions as compared to the sensitive variety Westonia (WS). Water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC; i.e., glucose, sucrose, fructose, and fructans) concentration increased in response to individual as well as combined constrains of soil salinity and toxic B in the leaf blade of both tolerant and sensitive wheat varieties, but the increase was higher in the tolerant variety as compared to the sensitive one. The concentration of WSCs in leaf sheath of the salt-tolerant wheat variety was increased in response to stress conditions, but those remained low in salt-sensitive ones. Therefore, the salt-tolerant HB genotype was found to be a good source for future wheat breeding programs or to be grown by farmers in B toxic, saline, and B toxic–saline conditions.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/3/740saline conditionshigh boronglucosesucrosefructosefructans |
| spellingShingle | Tayyaba Naz Muhammad Mazhar Iqbal Javaid Akhtar Muhammad Saqib Muqarrab Ali Mazhar Iqbal Zafar Bernard Dell Rahul Datta Mohammad Javed Ansari Subhan Danish Shah Fahad Carbohydrate Partitioning, Growth and Ionic Compartmentalisation of Wheat Grown under Boron Toxic and Salt Degraded Land Agronomy saline conditions high boron glucose sucrose fructose fructans |
| title | Carbohydrate Partitioning, Growth and Ionic Compartmentalisation of Wheat Grown under Boron Toxic and Salt Degraded Land |
| title_full | Carbohydrate Partitioning, Growth and Ionic Compartmentalisation of Wheat Grown under Boron Toxic and Salt Degraded Land |
| title_fullStr | Carbohydrate Partitioning, Growth and Ionic Compartmentalisation of Wheat Grown under Boron Toxic and Salt Degraded Land |
| title_full_unstemmed | Carbohydrate Partitioning, Growth and Ionic Compartmentalisation of Wheat Grown under Boron Toxic and Salt Degraded Land |
| title_short | Carbohydrate Partitioning, Growth and Ionic Compartmentalisation of Wheat Grown under Boron Toxic and Salt Degraded Land |
| title_sort | carbohydrate partitioning growth and ionic compartmentalisation of wheat grown under boron toxic and salt degraded land |
| topic | saline conditions high boron glucose sucrose fructose fructans |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/3/740 |
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