| Summary: | Antibiotic resistance is one of the biggest challenges for the clinical sector and industry, environment and societal development. One of the most important pathogens responsible for severe nosocomial infections is <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i>, a Gram-negative bacterium from the Moraxellaceae family, due to its various resistance mechanisms, such as the <i>β</i>-lactamases production, efflux pumps, decreased membrane permeability and altered target site of the antibiotic. The enormous adaptive capacity of <i>A. baumannii</i> and the acquisition and transfer of antibiotic resistance determinants contribute to the ineffectiveness of most current therapeutic strategies, including last-line or combined antibiotic therapy. In this review, we will present an update of the antibiotic resistance profiles and underlying mechanisms in <i>A. baumannii</i> and the current progress in developing innovative strategies for combating multidrug-resistant <i>A. baumannii</i> (MDRAB) infections.
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