Abscopal Effect, Extracellular Vesicles and Their Immunotherapeutic Potential in Cancer Treatment
The communication between tumor cells and the microenvironment plays a fundamental role in the development, growth and further immune escape of the tumor. This communication is partially regulated by extracellular vesicles which can direct the behavior of surrounding cells. In recent years, it has b...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-04-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/9/3816 |
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| author | Aleli Salazar Víctor Chavarria Itamar Flores Samanta Ruiz Verónica Pérez de la Cruz Francisco Javier Sánchez-García Benjamin Pineda |
| author_facet | Aleli Salazar Víctor Chavarria Itamar Flores Samanta Ruiz Verónica Pérez de la Cruz Francisco Javier Sánchez-García Benjamin Pineda |
| author_sort | Aleli Salazar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The communication between tumor cells and the microenvironment plays a fundamental role in the development, growth and further immune escape of the tumor. This communication is partially regulated by extracellular vesicles which can direct the behavior of surrounding cells. In recent years, it has been proposed that this feature could be applied as a potential treatment against cancer, since several studies have shown that tumors treated with radiotherapy can elicit a strong enough immune response to eliminate distant metastasis; this phenomenon is called the abscopal effect. The mechanism behind this effect may include the release of extracellular vesicles loaded with damage-associated molecular patterns and tumor-derived antigens which activates an antigen-specific immune response. This review will focus on the recent discoveries in cancer cell communications via extracellular vesicles and their implication in tumor development, as well as their potential use as an immunotherapeutic treatment against cancer. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:12:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-46f4333a70b24d6e8bc9220238c43831 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:12:03Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-46f4333a70b24d6e8bc9220238c438312023-11-17T23:23:51ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492023-04-01289381610.3390/molecules28093816Abscopal Effect, Extracellular Vesicles and Their Immunotherapeutic Potential in Cancer TreatmentAleli Salazar0Víctor Chavarria1Itamar Flores2Samanta Ruiz3Verónica Pérez de la Cruz4Francisco Javier Sánchez-García5Benjamin Pineda6Neuroimmunology and Neuro-Oncology Unit, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery “Manuel Velasco Suárez”, Mexico City 14269, MexicoNeuroimmunology and Neuro-Oncology Unit, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery “Manuel Velasco Suárez”, Mexico City 14269, MexicoNeuroimmunology and Neuro-Oncology Unit, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery “Manuel Velasco Suárez”, Mexico City 14269, MexicoNeuroimmunology and Neuro-Oncology Unit, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery “Manuel Velasco Suárez”, Mexico City 14269, MexicoNeurobiochemistry and Behavior Laboratory, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery “Manuel Velasco Suárez”, Mexico City 14269, MexicoImmunoregulation Lab, Department of Immunology, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, MexicoNeuroimmunology and Neuro-Oncology Unit, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery “Manuel Velasco Suárez”, Mexico City 14269, MexicoThe communication between tumor cells and the microenvironment plays a fundamental role in the development, growth and further immune escape of the tumor. This communication is partially regulated by extracellular vesicles which can direct the behavior of surrounding cells. In recent years, it has been proposed that this feature could be applied as a potential treatment against cancer, since several studies have shown that tumors treated with radiotherapy can elicit a strong enough immune response to eliminate distant metastasis; this phenomenon is called the abscopal effect. The mechanism behind this effect may include the release of extracellular vesicles loaded with damage-associated molecular patterns and tumor-derived antigens which activates an antigen-specific immune response. This review will focus on the recent discoveries in cancer cell communications via extracellular vesicles and their implication in tumor development, as well as their potential use as an immunotherapeutic treatment against cancer.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/9/3816cancerextracellular vesiclesabscopal effectDAMPs |
| spellingShingle | Aleli Salazar Víctor Chavarria Itamar Flores Samanta Ruiz Verónica Pérez de la Cruz Francisco Javier Sánchez-García Benjamin Pineda Abscopal Effect, Extracellular Vesicles and Their Immunotherapeutic Potential in Cancer Treatment Molecules cancer extracellular vesicles abscopal effect DAMPs |
| title | Abscopal Effect, Extracellular Vesicles and Their Immunotherapeutic Potential in Cancer Treatment |
| title_full | Abscopal Effect, Extracellular Vesicles and Their Immunotherapeutic Potential in Cancer Treatment |
| title_fullStr | Abscopal Effect, Extracellular Vesicles and Their Immunotherapeutic Potential in Cancer Treatment |
| title_full_unstemmed | Abscopal Effect, Extracellular Vesicles and Their Immunotherapeutic Potential in Cancer Treatment |
| title_short | Abscopal Effect, Extracellular Vesicles and Their Immunotherapeutic Potential in Cancer Treatment |
| title_sort | abscopal effect extracellular vesicles and their immunotherapeutic potential in cancer treatment |
| topic | cancer extracellular vesicles abscopal effect DAMPs |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/9/3816 |
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