Image watermark detection techniques using quadtrees
The quadtree, a hierarchical data structure for the representation of spatial information based on the principle of recursive decomposition, is widely used in digital image processing and computer graphics. This paper demonstrates the detection of invisible watermarked images generated by popular wa...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Emerald Publishing
2015-07-01
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| Series: | Applied Computing and Informatics |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2210832714000222 |
| _version_ | 1797715358703943680 |
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| author | Nidaa A. Abbas |
| author_facet | Nidaa A. Abbas |
| author_sort | Nidaa A. Abbas |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The quadtree, a hierarchical data structure for the representation of spatial information based on the principle of recursive decomposition, is widely used in digital image processing and computer graphics. This paper demonstrates the detection of invisible watermarked images generated by popular watermarking techniques, including CDMA, DCT, DWT, and Least Significant Bit (LSB) using quadtree. Results corresponding to typical (512 × 512) pixel images show differences among these methods when they are used. Each time we use the same image, the original images and invisible watermarked image to test the four methods in conjunction with quadtree decomposition. In addition to the subjective method represented by quadtree, many objective evaluations such as Pearson correlation, mean square error (MSE), Structural SIMilarity Index (SSIM) and false positive and false negative were used to give the comparison criteria between original and watermarked images. In results, the quadtree decomposition considered a promise subjective method to recognize among these watermark techniques. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T08:05:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-46fd7fb8503f43249d3babee52332538 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2210-8327 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T08:05:45Z |
| publishDate | 2015-07-01 |
| publisher | Emerald Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Computing and Informatics |
| spelling | doaj.art-46fd7fb8503f43249d3babee523325382023-09-02T19:31:36ZengEmerald PublishingApplied Computing and Informatics2210-83272015-07-0111210211510.1016/j.aci.2014.07.003Image watermark detection techniques using quadtreesNidaa A. AbbasThe quadtree, a hierarchical data structure for the representation of spatial information based on the principle of recursive decomposition, is widely used in digital image processing and computer graphics. This paper demonstrates the detection of invisible watermarked images generated by popular watermarking techniques, including CDMA, DCT, DWT, and Least Significant Bit (LSB) using quadtree. Results corresponding to typical (512 × 512) pixel images show differences among these methods when they are used. Each time we use the same image, the original images and invisible watermarked image to test the four methods in conjunction with quadtree decomposition. In addition to the subjective method represented by quadtree, many objective evaluations such as Pearson correlation, mean square error (MSE), Structural SIMilarity Index (SSIM) and false positive and false negative were used to give the comparison criteria between original and watermarked images. In results, the quadtree decomposition considered a promise subjective method to recognize among these watermark techniques.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2210832714000222CDMADCTDWTLSBQuadtree decompositionSubjective metrics |
| spellingShingle | Nidaa A. Abbas Image watermark detection techniques using quadtrees Applied Computing and Informatics CDMA DCT DWT LSB Quadtree decomposition Subjective metrics |
| title | Image watermark detection techniques using quadtrees |
| title_full | Image watermark detection techniques using quadtrees |
| title_fullStr | Image watermark detection techniques using quadtrees |
| title_full_unstemmed | Image watermark detection techniques using quadtrees |
| title_short | Image watermark detection techniques using quadtrees |
| title_sort | image watermark detection techniques using quadtrees |
| topic | CDMA DCT DWT LSB Quadtree decomposition Subjective metrics |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2210832714000222 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT nidaaaabbas imagewatermarkdetectiontechniquesusingquadtrees |