Role of Porphyromonas gingivalis in the downregulation of NLRp3 inflammasome in periodontitis
The innate immune response is the body's first line of defense against pathogens. The innate immune system recognizes pathogens, including bacteria and viruses by engagement of the germline-encoded pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). There are five families of PRRs which are able to sense vas...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of International Clinical Dental Research Organization |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.jicdro.org/article.asp?issn=2231-0754;year=2022;volume=14;issue=2;spage=91;epage=95;aulast=Gavali |
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| author | Neelam Gavali Amit Chaudhari Pramod Waghmare Yogesh Khadtare Pooja Shendge Shubhangi Wadgounkar |
| author_facet | Neelam Gavali Amit Chaudhari Pramod Waghmare Yogesh Khadtare Pooja Shendge Shubhangi Wadgounkar |
| author_sort | Neelam Gavali |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The innate immune response is the body's first line of defense against pathogens. The innate immune system recognizes pathogens, including bacteria and viruses by engagement of the germline-encoded pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). There are five families of PRRs which are able to sense vast families of microbial components, referred to as pathogen-associated molecular patterns and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), they are host cell components produced during inflammation or environmentally derived. Although PRRs are predominately expressed by innate immune cells, many of the PRRs are also found on other cells including epithelial, endothelial, and cells of the adaptive immune system. PRR engagement by its ligand induces downstream signaling cascades that induce multiple effects, including activation of innate immune cells and cytokine/chemokine production for the recruitment of immune cells to the site of infection or tissue damage. There are multiple inflammasomes that are formed, which are named for their sensor PRR that induces its activation. It is still not clear how many sensors are capable of forming inflammasomes, with strong literature support for over 10 different inflammasomes, including NLRP1, NLRP3, NLRP6, NLRP12, pyrin, NAIP/NLRC4, RIG-I AIM2, IFI16, NLRC3, and NLP6 5,7 which are recently reviewed. The study of periodontal disease thus represents an excellent model to study the role of inflammasomes due to the abundance of Microbe Associated Molecular Patterns (MAMP) and DAMPs and the elevated proportion of macrophages in the tissue microenvironment. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T23:23:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-470235f991c94057b641d3b03a3a0c8b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2231-0754 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T23:23:57Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of International Clinical Dental Research Organization |
| spelling | doaj.art-470235f991c94057b641d3b03a3a0c8b2023-01-12T12:42:45ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsJournal of International Clinical Dental Research Organization2231-07542022-01-01142919510.4103/jicdro.jicdro_37_21Role of Porphyromonas gingivalis in the downregulation of NLRp3 inflammasome in periodontitisNeelam GavaliAmit ChaudhariPramod WaghmareYogesh KhadtarePooja ShendgeShubhangi WadgounkarThe innate immune response is the body's first line of defense against pathogens. The innate immune system recognizes pathogens, including bacteria and viruses by engagement of the germline-encoded pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). There are five families of PRRs which are able to sense vast families of microbial components, referred to as pathogen-associated molecular patterns and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), they are host cell components produced during inflammation or environmentally derived. Although PRRs are predominately expressed by innate immune cells, many of the PRRs are also found on other cells including epithelial, endothelial, and cells of the adaptive immune system. PRR engagement by its ligand induces downstream signaling cascades that induce multiple effects, including activation of innate immune cells and cytokine/chemokine production for the recruitment of immune cells to the site of infection or tissue damage. There are multiple inflammasomes that are formed, which are named for their sensor PRR that induces its activation. It is still not clear how many sensors are capable of forming inflammasomes, with strong literature support for over 10 different inflammasomes, including NLRP1, NLRP3, NLRP6, NLRP12, pyrin, NAIP/NLRC4, RIG-I AIM2, IFI16, NLRC3, and NLP6 5,7 which are recently reviewed. The study of periodontal disease thus represents an excellent model to study the role of inflammasomes due to the abundance of Microbe Associated Molecular Patterns (MAMP) and DAMPs and the elevated proportion of macrophages in the tissue microenvironment.http://www.jicdro.org/article.asp?issn=2231-0754;year=2022;volume=14;issue=2;spage=91;epage=95;aulast=Gavaliinflammasomenlrp3 inflammasomeporphyromonas gingivalis |
| spellingShingle | Neelam Gavali Amit Chaudhari Pramod Waghmare Yogesh Khadtare Pooja Shendge Shubhangi Wadgounkar Role of Porphyromonas gingivalis in the downregulation of NLRp3 inflammasome in periodontitis Journal of International Clinical Dental Research Organization inflammasome nlrp3 inflammasome porphyromonas gingivalis |
| title | Role of Porphyromonas gingivalis in the downregulation of NLRp3 inflammasome in periodontitis |
| title_full | Role of Porphyromonas gingivalis in the downregulation of NLRp3 inflammasome in periodontitis |
| title_fullStr | Role of Porphyromonas gingivalis in the downregulation of NLRp3 inflammasome in periodontitis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Role of Porphyromonas gingivalis in the downregulation of NLRp3 inflammasome in periodontitis |
| title_short | Role of Porphyromonas gingivalis in the downregulation of NLRp3 inflammasome in periodontitis |
| title_sort | role of porphyromonas gingivalis in the downregulation of nlrp3 inflammasome in periodontitis |
| topic | inflammasome nlrp3 inflammasome porphyromonas gingivalis |
| url | http://www.jicdro.org/article.asp?issn=2231-0754;year=2022;volume=14;issue=2;spage=91;epage=95;aulast=Gavali |
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