Application of Biochar from Woodchip as Catalyst Support for Biodiesel Production
In Asian countries, the primary palm oil producers, used cooking oil (UCO) is the primary feedstock for biodiesel production. It can be converted into an eco-fuel for application in heavy machinery and diesel engine vehicles due to its low carbon emissions and low global warming potential. However,...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Catalysts |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/13/3/489 |
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| author | Nor Shafinaz Azman Nozieana Khairuddin Tengku Sharifah Marliza Tengku Azmi Sivasangar Seenivasagam Mohd Ali Hassan |
| author_facet | Nor Shafinaz Azman Nozieana Khairuddin Tengku Sharifah Marliza Tengku Azmi Sivasangar Seenivasagam Mohd Ali Hassan |
| author_sort | Nor Shafinaz Azman |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In Asian countries, the primary palm oil producers, used cooking oil (UCO) is the primary feedstock for biodiesel production. It can be converted into an eco-fuel for application in heavy machinery and diesel engine vehicles due to its low carbon emissions and low global warming potential. However, the illegal dumping of UCO containing triglyceride into flowing water bodies (resulting in wastewater treatment and purification complications) has prompted the design of smart UCO collection systems. This study aims to investigate the heterogeneous catalytic performance of biochar as a support catalyst derived from woodchips calcined at 400 °C and 800 °C under nitrogen gas flow. The catalyst was synthesized through the wet impregnation method using two metal oxides (5 wt.%, nickel and molybdenum) via transesterification to enhance the biodiesel yield. High biodiesel yield was obtained through the controlled parameters: 65–95 °C temperature, 10:1 methanol to oil ratio, and 2 h reaction time. The synthesized catalyst was characterized through X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Field Emission Scanning Electron (FESEM). The biodiesel production was confirmed by Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) Spectroscopy. The results showed that the highest biodiesel yield was produced by the catalyst calcined at 800 °C, which shows a consistent trend in the yields obtained at temperatures in the order 75–85–95–65 °C. In conclusion, calcination at 800 °C resulted in a higher yield (74.66%) and catalyst reusability (≥5 cycles). |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:48:30Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4720115bfb3b4e228767b39f737c44d7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4344 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:48:30Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Catalysts |
| spelling | doaj.art-4720115bfb3b4e228767b39f737c44d72023-11-17T10:10:08ZengMDPI AGCatalysts2073-43442023-02-0113348910.3390/catal13030489Application of Biochar from Woodchip as Catalyst Support for Biodiesel ProductionNor Shafinaz Azman0Nozieana Khairuddin1Tengku Sharifah Marliza Tengku Azmi2Sivasangar Seenivasagam3Mohd Ali Hassan4Department of Science and Technology, Faculty of Humanities, Management and Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia Bintulu Sarawak Campus, Bintulu 97008, MalaysiaDepartment of Science and Technology, Faculty of Humanities, Management and Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia Bintulu Sarawak Campus, Bintulu 97008, MalaysiaDepartment of Science and Technology, Faculty of Humanities, Management and Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia Bintulu Sarawak Campus, Bintulu 97008, MalaysiaDepartment of Science and Technology, Faculty of Humanities, Management and Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia Bintulu Sarawak Campus, Bintulu 97008, MalaysiaDepartment of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Serdang 43400, MalaysiaIn Asian countries, the primary palm oil producers, used cooking oil (UCO) is the primary feedstock for biodiesel production. It can be converted into an eco-fuel for application in heavy machinery and diesel engine vehicles due to its low carbon emissions and low global warming potential. However, the illegal dumping of UCO containing triglyceride into flowing water bodies (resulting in wastewater treatment and purification complications) has prompted the design of smart UCO collection systems. This study aims to investigate the heterogeneous catalytic performance of biochar as a support catalyst derived from woodchips calcined at 400 °C and 800 °C under nitrogen gas flow. The catalyst was synthesized through the wet impregnation method using two metal oxides (5 wt.%, nickel and molybdenum) via transesterification to enhance the biodiesel yield. High biodiesel yield was obtained through the controlled parameters: 65–95 °C temperature, 10:1 methanol to oil ratio, and 2 h reaction time. The synthesized catalyst was characterized through X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Field Emission Scanning Electron (FESEM). The biodiesel production was confirmed by Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) Spectroscopy. The results showed that the highest biodiesel yield was produced by the catalyst calcined at 800 °C, which shows a consistent trend in the yields obtained at temperatures in the order 75–85–95–65 °C. In conclusion, calcination at 800 °C resulted in a higher yield (74.66%) and catalyst reusability (≥5 cycles).https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/13/3/489used cooking oilbiodieselbiocharwoodchipsheterogenous catalysiswet impregnation |
| spellingShingle | Nor Shafinaz Azman Nozieana Khairuddin Tengku Sharifah Marliza Tengku Azmi Sivasangar Seenivasagam Mohd Ali Hassan Application of Biochar from Woodchip as Catalyst Support for Biodiesel Production Catalysts used cooking oil biodiesel biochar woodchips heterogenous catalysis wet impregnation |
| title | Application of Biochar from Woodchip as Catalyst Support for Biodiesel Production |
| title_full | Application of Biochar from Woodchip as Catalyst Support for Biodiesel Production |
| title_fullStr | Application of Biochar from Woodchip as Catalyst Support for Biodiesel Production |
| title_full_unstemmed | Application of Biochar from Woodchip as Catalyst Support for Biodiesel Production |
| title_short | Application of Biochar from Woodchip as Catalyst Support for Biodiesel Production |
| title_sort | application of biochar from woodchip as catalyst support for biodiesel production |
| topic | used cooking oil biodiesel biochar woodchips heterogenous catalysis wet impregnation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/13/3/489 |
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