Surgical Treatment and Outcome of Acquired Midline Palate Defects in Cats
Acquired midline palate defects (PDE) affect the hard palate and/or soft palate, and result from trauma, commonly falling from a height or being hit by a motor vehicle. Additional life-threating injuries and costs associated with the treatment may delay the surgical treatment. This retrospective stu...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-07-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Veterinary Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2022.922047/full |
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| author | Ana C. Castejón-González Darko Stefanovski Alexander M. Reiter |
| author_facet | Ana C. Castejón-González Darko Stefanovski Alexander M. Reiter |
| author_sort | Ana C. Castejón-González |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Acquired midline palate defects (PDE) affect the hard palate and/or soft palate, and result from trauma, commonly falling from a height or being hit by a motor vehicle. Additional life-threating injuries and costs associated with the treatment may delay the surgical treatment. This retrospective study describes signalment, cause, and extent of the PDE, and treatment in 25 cats. In addition, the outcome of the surgical repair is described in 19 (76%) cats. All defects were repaired within 5 days of the injury. Twenty (80%) cats were 4 years of age or younger. The most common rostral extent of the PDE was to the level of the third premolar tooth (n = 8; 32%), incisor teeth (n = 7; 28%), and fourth premolar tooth (n = 5; 20%). The soft palate laceration was present in all cases. Surgical therapy was successful in all cases with follow-up. The most common techniques used for the closure of the hard palate defect were bilateral pedicle flaps with lateral releasing incisions (n = 8; 32%), direct apposition of the oral mucosa (n = 7; 28%), bilateral pedicle flaps with lateral releasing incisions and interquadrant splinting (n = 5; 20%), and unilateral pedicle flap with one lateral releasing incision (n = 4; 16%). A tension-free closure by direct apposition of the edges was possible for the soft palate laceration. No oronasal fistulae were identified at follow-up. The only complication was malocclusion. The interquadrant splinting was most often used for PDE extending to the rostral portion of the hard palate (p < 0.05). The cats that suffered postoperative malocclusion were significantly more likely to have sustained temporomandibular joint injury, underwent CT scan, or had a feeding tube placed before discharge. The results of this retrospective study indicate that the early treatment (within 5 days) of the acquired longitudinal defects in the midline of the hard and soft palates is highly successful. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T14:31:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4733e10a17b54fdc9f232f1e6827f0f8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2297-1769 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T14:31:38Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Veterinary Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-4733e10a17b54fdc9f232f1e6827f0f82022-12-22T02:43:10ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Veterinary Science2297-17692022-07-01910.3389/fvets.2022.922047922047Surgical Treatment and Outcome of Acquired Midline Palate Defects in CatsAna C. Castejón-González0Darko Stefanovski1Alexander M. Reiter2Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United StatesDepartment of Clinical Studies-New Bolton Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United StatesDepartment of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United StatesAcquired midline palate defects (PDE) affect the hard palate and/or soft palate, and result from trauma, commonly falling from a height or being hit by a motor vehicle. Additional life-threating injuries and costs associated with the treatment may delay the surgical treatment. This retrospective study describes signalment, cause, and extent of the PDE, and treatment in 25 cats. In addition, the outcome of the surgical repair is described in 19 (76%) cats. All defects were repaired within 5 days of the injury. Twenty (80%) cats were 4 years of age or younger. The most common rostral extent of the PDE was to the level of the third premolar tooth (n = 8; 32%), incisor teeth (n = 7; 28%), and fourth premolar tooth (n = 5; 20%). The soft palate laceration was present in all cases. Surgical therapy was successful in all cases with follow-up. The most common techniques used for the closure of the hard palate defect were bilateral pedicle flaps with lateral releasing incisions (n = 8; 32%), direct apposition of the oral mucosa (n = 7; 28%), bilateral pedicle flaps with lateral releasing incisions and interquadrant splinting (n = 5; 20%), and unilateral pedicle flap with one lateral releasing incision (n = 4; 16%). A tension-free closure by direct apposition of the edges was possible for the soft palate laceration. No oronasal fistulae were identified at follow-up. The only complication was malocclusion. The interquadrant splinting was most often used for PDE extending to the rostral portion of the hard palate (p < 0.05). The cats that suffered postoperative malocclusion were significantly more likely to have sustained temporomandibular joint injury, underwent CT scan, or had a feeding tube placed before discharge. The results of this retrospective study indicate that the early treatment (within 5 days) of the acquired longitudinal defects in the midline of the hard and soft palates is highly successful.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2022.922047/fullacquired palate defectfelinepalate repairmidface traumahigh-rise syndromemaxillofacial trauma |
| spellingShingle | Ana C. Castejón-González Darko Stefanovski Alexander M. Reiter Surgical Treatment and Outcome of Acquired Midline Palate Defects in Cats Frontiers in Veterinary Science acquired palate defect feline palate repair midface trauma high-rise syndrome maxillofacial trauma |
| title | Surgical Treatment and Outcome of Acquired Midline Palate Defects in Cats |
| title_full | Surgical Treatment and Outcome of Acquired Midline Palate Defects in Cats |
| title_fullStr | Surgical Treatment and Outcome of Acquired Midline Palate Defects in Cats |
| title_full_unstemmed | Surgical Treatment and Outcome of Acquired Midline Palate Defects in Cats |
| title_short | Surgical Treatment and Outcome of Acquired Midline Palate Defects in Cats |
| title_sort | surgical treatment and outcome of acquired midline palate defects in cats |
| topic | acquired palate defect feline palate repair midface trauma high-rise syndrome maxillofacial trauma |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2022.922047/full |
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