Volcanic glass from the 1.8 ka Taupō eruption (New Zealand) detected in Antarctic ice at ~ 230 CE
Abstract Chemical anomalies in polar ice core records are frequently linked to volcanism; however, without the presence of (crypto)tephra particles, links to specific eruptions remain speculative. Correlating tephras yields estimates of eruption timing and potential source volcano, offers refinement...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2023-10-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-42602-3 |
| _version_ | 1797453198507638784 |
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| author | Stephen B. Piva Simon J. Barker Nels A. Iverson V. Holly L. Winton Nancy A. N. Bertler Michael Sigl Colin J. N. Wilson Nelia W. Dunbar Andrei V. Kurbatov Lionel Carter Bruce L. A. Charlier Rewi M. Newnham |
| author_facet | Stephen B. Piva Simon J. Barker Nels A. Iverson V. Holly L. Winton Nancy A. N. Bertler Michael Sigl Colin J. N. Wilson Nelia W. Dunbar Andrei V. Kurbatov Lionel Carter Bruce L. A. Charlier Rewi M. Newnham |
| author_sort | Stephen B. Piva |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Chemical anomalies in polar ice core records are frequently linked to volcanism; however, without the presence of (crypto)tephra particles, links to specific eruptions remain speculative. Correlating tephras yields estimates of eruption timing and potential source volcano, offers refinement of ice core chronologies, and provides insights into volcanic impacts. Here, we report on sparse rhyolitic glass shards detected in the Roosevelt Island Climate Evolution (RICE) ice core (West Antarctica), attributed to the 1.8 ka Taupō eruption (New Zealand)—one of the largest and most energetic Holocene eruptions globally. Six shards of a distinctive geochemical composition, identical within analytical uncertainties to proximal Taupō glass, are accompanied by a single shard indistinguishable from glass of the ~25.5 ka Ōruanui supereruption, also from Taupō volcano. This double fingerprint uniquely identifies the source volcano and helps link the shards to the climactic phase of the Taupō eruption. The englacial Taupō-derived glass shards coincide with a particle spike and conductivity anomaly at 278.84 m core depth, along with trachytic glass from a local Antarctic eruption of Mt. Melbourne. The assessed age of the sampled ice is 230 ± 19 CE (95% confidence), confirming that the published radiocarbon wiggle-match date of 232 ± 10 CE (2 SD) for the Taupō eruption is robust. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:18:25Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4736df03cb7140739761c989ee8b9bac |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:18:25Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-4736df03cb7140739761c989ee8b9bac2023-11-26T12:55:14ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222023-10-0113111310.1038/s41598-023-42602-3Volcanic glass from the 1.8 ka Taupō eruption (New Zealand) detected in Antarctic ice at ~ 230 CEStephen B. Piva0Simon J. Barker1Nels A. Iverson2V. Holly L. Winton3Nancy A. N. Bertler4Michael Sigl5Colin J. N. Wilson6Nelia W. Dunbar7Andrei V. Kurbatov8Lionel Carter9Bruce L. A. Charlier10Rewi M. Newnham11School of Geography, Environment and Earth Sciences, Victoria University of WellingtonSchool of Geography, Environment and Earth Sciences, Victoria University of WellingtonNew Mexico Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources, New Mexico Institute of Mining and TechnologyAntarctic Research Centre, Victoria University of WellingtonAntarctic Research Centre, Victoria University of WellingtonClimate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute and Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of BernSchool of Geography, Environment and Earth Sciences, Victoria University of WellingtonNew Mexico Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources, New Mexico Institute of Mining and TechnologyClimate Change Institute, School of Earth and Climate Sciences, University of MaineAntarctic Research Centre, Victoria University of WellingtonSchool of Geography, Environment and Earth Sciences, Victoria University of WellingtonSchool of Geography, Environment and Earth Sciences, Victoria University of WellingtonAbstract Chemical anomalies in polar ice core records are frequently linked to volcanism; however, without the presence of (crypto)tephra particles, links to specific eruptions remain speculative. Correlating tephras yields estimates of eruption timing and potential source volcano, offers refinement of ice core chronologies, and provides insights into volcanic impacts. Here, we report on sparse rhyolitic glass shards detected in the Roosevelt Island Climate Evolution (RICE) ice core (West Antarctica), attributed to the 1.8 ka Taupō eruption (New Zealand)—one of the largest and most energetic Holocene eruptions globally. Six shards of a distinctive geochemical composition, identical within analytical uncertainties to proximal Taupō glass, are accompanied by a single shard indistinguishable from glass of the ~25.5 ka Ōruanui supereruption, also from Taupō volcano. This double fingerprint uniquely identifies the source volcano and helps link the shards to the climactic phase of the Taupō eruption. The englacial Taupō-derived glass shards coincide with a particle spike and conductivity anomaly at 278.84 m core depth, along with trachytic glass from a local Antarctic eruption of Mt. Melbourne. The assessed age of the sampled ice is 230 ± 19 CE (95% confidence), confirming that the published radiocarbon wiggle-match date of 232 ± 10 CE (2 SD) for the Taupō eruption is robust.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-42602-3 |
| spellingShingle | Stephen B. Piva Simon J. Barker Nels A. Iverson V. Holly L. Winton Nancy A. N. Bertler Michael Sigl Colin J. N. Wilson Nelia W. Dunbar Andrei V. Kurbatov Lionel Carter Bruce L. A. Charlier Rewi M. Newnham Volcanic glass from the 1.8 ka Taupō eruption (New Zealand) detected in Antarctic ice at ~ 230 CE Scientific Reports |
| title | Volcanic glass from the 1.8 ka Taupō eruption (New Zealand) detected in Antarctic ice at ~ 230 CE |
| title_full | Volcanic glass from the 1.8 ka Taupō eruption (New Zealand) detected in Antarctic ice at ~ 230 CE |
| title_fullStr | Volcanic glass from the 1.8 ka Taupō eruption (New Zealand) detected in Antarctic ice at ~ 230 CE |
| title_full_unstemmed | Volcanic glass from the 1.8 ka Taupō eruption (New Zealand) detected in Antarctic ice at ~ 230 CE |
| title_short | Volcanic glass from the 1.8 ka Taupō eruption (New Zealand) detected in Antarctic ice at ~ 230 CE |
| title_sort | volcanic glass from the 1 8 ka taupo eruption new zealand detected in antarctic ice at 230 ce |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-42602-3 |
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