Non-equilibrium steady states of electrolyte interfaces
The non-equilibrium steady states of a semi-infinite quasi-one-dimensional univalent binary electrolyte solution, characterised by non-vanishing electric currents, are investigated by means of Poisson-Nernst-Planck (PNP) theory. Exact analytical expressions of the electric field, the charge density...
| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
IOP Publishing
2024-01-01
|
| Series: | New Journal of Physics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/ad19a9 |
| _version_ | 1797362229104869376 |
|---|---|
| author | Markus Bier |
| author_facet | Markus Bier |
| author_sort | Markus Bier |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The non-equilibrium steady states of a semi-infinite quasi-one-dimensional univalent binary electrolyte solution, characterised by non-vanishing electric currents, are investigated by means of Poisson-Nernst-Planck (PNP) theory. Exact analytical expressions of the electric field, the charge density and the number density are derived, which depend on the electric current density as a parameter. From a non-equilibrium version of the Grahame equation, which relates the total space charge per cross-sectional area and the corresponding contribution of the electric potential drop, the current-dependent differential capacitance of the diffuse layer is derived. In the limit of vanishing electric current these results reduce to those within Gouy-Chapman theory. It is shown that improperly chosen boundary conditions lead to non-equilibrium steady state solutions of the PNP equations with negative ion number densities. A necessary and sufficient criterion on surface conductivity constitutive relations is formulated which allows one to detect such unphysical solutions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T16:05:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-47372bbce48c4a00a60c5c3fc1753587 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1367-2630 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T16:05:22Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | IOP Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | New Journal of Physics |
| spelling | doaj.art-47372bbce48c4a00a60c5c3fc17535872024-01-08T06:32:35ZengIOP PublishingNew Journal of Physics1367-26302024-01-0126101300810.1088/1367-2630/ad19a9Non-equilibrium steady states of electrolyte interfacesMarkus Bier0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7907-5069Fakultät Angewandte Natur- und Geisteswissenschaften, Technische Hochschule Würzburg-Schweinfurt , Ignaz-Schön-Str. 11, 97421 Schweinfurt, GermanyThe non-equilibrium steady states of a semi-infinite quasi-one-dimensional univalent binary electrolyte solution, characterised by non-vanishing electric currents, are investigated by means of Poisson-Nernst-Planck (PNP) theory. Exact analytical expressions of the electric field, the charge density and the number density are derived, which depend on the electric current density as a parameter. From a non-equilibrium version of the Grahame equation, which relates the total space charge per cross-sectional area and the corresponding contribution of the electric potential drop, the current-dependent differential capacitance of the diffuse layer is derived. In the limit of vanishing electric current these results reduce to those within Gouy-Chapman theory. It is shown that improperly chosen boundary conditions lead to non-equilibrium steady state solutions of the PNP equations with negative ion number densities. A necessary and sufficient criterion on surface conductivity constitutive relations is formulated which allows one to detect such unphysical solutions.https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/ad19a9Poisson-Nernst-Planck theorynon-equilibrium steady stateelectrolyte interfaceGouy-Chapman model |
| spellingShingle | Markus Bier Non-equilibrium steady states of electrolyte interfaces New Journal of Physics Poisson-Nernst-Planck theory non-equilibrium steady state electrolyte interface Gouy-Chapman model |
| title | Non-equilibrium steady states of electrolyte interfaces |
| title_full | Non-equilibrium steady states of electrolyte interfaces |
| title_fullStr | Non-equilibrium steady states of electrolyte interfaces |
| title_full_unstemmed | Non-equilibrium steady states of electrolyte interfaces |
| title_short | Non-equilibrium steady states of electrolyte interfaces |
| title_sort | non equilibrium steady states of electrolyte interfaces |
| topic | Poisson-Nernst-Planck theory non-equilibrium steady state electrolyte interface Gouy-Chapman model |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/ad19a9 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT markusbier nonequilibriumsteadystatesofelectrolyteinterfaces |