Prevalence, correlates for early neurological disorders and association with functioning among children and adolescents with HIV/AIDS in Uganda
Abstract Background The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of neurological disorders and their associated correlates and relations with clinical and behavioural problems among children and adolescents with HIV/AIDS (CA-HIV). Methods This study involved a sample of 1070 CA-HIV/caregive...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2019-01-01
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| Series: | BMC Psychiatry |
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| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12888-019-2023-9 |
| _version_ | 1819163754380656640 |
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| author | Richard Stephen Mpango Godfrey Zari Rukundo Sylvia Kiwuwa Muyingo Kenneth D. Gadow Vikram Patel Eugene Kinyanda |
| author_facet | Richard Stephen Mpango Godfrey Zari Rukundo Sylvia Kiwuwa Muyingo Kenneth D. Gadow Vikram Patel Eugene Kinyanda |
| author_sort | Richard Stephen Mpango |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of neurological disorders and their associated correlates and relations with clinical and behavioural problems among children and adolescents with HIV/AIDS (CA-HIV). Methods This study involved a sample of 1070 CA-HIV/caregiver dyads who were evaluated at their 6-month follow-up visit as part of their participation in the longitudinal study, ‘Mental health among HIV infected CHildren and Adolescents in KAmpala and Masaka, Uganda (the CHAKA study)’. Participants completed an extensive battery of measures that included a standardized DSM-5- referenced rating scale, the parent version (5–18 years) of the Child and Adolescent Symptom Inventory-5 (CASI-5). Using logistic regression, we estimated the prevalence of neurological disorders and characterised their associations with negative clinical and behavioural factors. Results The overall prevalence of at least one neurological disorders was 18.5% (n = 198; 95% CI, 16.2–20.8). Enuresis / encopresis was the most common (10%), followed by motor/vocal tics (5.3%); probable epilepsy was the least prevalent (4%). Correlates associated with neurological disorders were in two domains: socio-demographic factors (age, ethnicity and staying in rural areas) and HIV-related factors (baseline viral load suppression). Enuresis/encopresis was associated with psychiatric comorbidity. Neurological disorders were associated with earlier onset of sexual intercourse (adjusted OR 4.06, 95% CI 1.26–13.1, P = 0.02). Conclusions Neurological disorders impact lives of many children and adolescents with HIV/AIDS. There is an urgent need to integrate the delivery of mental and neurological health services into routine clinical care for children and adolescents with HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T17:49:09Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-473e7c710f504fc0b6b9f9da219f0c87 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-244X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T17:49:09Z |
| publishDate | 2019-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Psychiatry |
| spelling | doaj.art-473e7c710f504fc0b6b9f9da219f0c872022-12-21T18:18:13ZengBMCBMC Psychiatry1471-244X2019-01-011911710.1186/s12888-019-2023-9Prevalence, correlates for early neurological disorders and association with functioning among children and adolescents with HIV/AIDS in UgandaRichard Stephen Mpango0Godfrey Zari Rukundo1Sylvia Kiwuwa Muyingo2Kenneth D. Gadow3Vikram Patel4Eugene Kinyanda5Department of Psychiatry, Mental Health Project, MRC/UVRI and LSHTM Uganda Research Unit, Makerere College of Health SciencesDepartment of Psychiatry, Mbarara University of Science and TechnologyDepartment of Psychiatry, Mental Health Project, MRC/UVRI and LSHTM Uganda Research Unit, Makerere College of Health SciencesDepartment of Psychiatry, Health Sciences Centre, Stony Brook UniversityDepartment of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical SchoolMental Health Project, MRC/UVRI and LSHTM Uganda Research UnitAbstract Background The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of neurological disorders and their associated correlates and relations with clinical and behavioural problems among children and adolescents with HIV/AIDS (CA-HIV). Methods This study involved a sample of 1070 CA-HIV/caregiver dyads who were evaluated at their 6-month follow-up visit as part of their participation in the longitudinal study, ‘Mental health among HIV infected CHildren and Adolescents in KAmpala and Masaka, Uganda (the CHAKA study)’. Participants completed an extensive battery of measures that included a standardized DSM-5- referenced rating scale, the parent version (5–18 years) of the Child and Adolescent Symptom Inventory-5 (CASI-5). Using logistic regression, we estimated the prevalence of neurological disorders and characterised their associations with negative clinical and behavioural factors. Results The overall prevalence of at least one neurological disorders was 18.5% (n = 198; 95% CI, 16.2–20.8). Enuresis / encopresis was the most common (10%), followed by motor/vocal tics (5.3%); probable epilepsy was the least prevalent (4%). Correlates associated with neurological disorders were in two domains: socio-demographic factors (age, ethnicity and staying in rural areas) and HIV-related factors (baseline viral load suppression). Enuresis/encopresis was associated with psychiatric comorbidity. Neurological disorders were associated with earlier onset of sexual intercourse (adjusted OR 4.06, 95% CI 1.26–13.1, P = 0.02). Conclusions Neurological disorders impact lives of many children and adolescents with HIV/AIDS. There is an urgent need to integrate the delivery of mental and neurological health services into routine clinical care for children and adolescents with HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12888-019-2023-9Neurological disordersChildren/adolescentsHIVPrevalenceCorrelates |
| spellingShingle | Richard Stephen Mpango Godfrey Zari Rukundo Sylvia Kiwuwa Muyingo Kenneth D. Gadow Vikram Patel Eugene Kinyanda Prevalence, correlates for early neurological disorders and association with functioning among children and adolescents with HIV/AIDS in Uganda BMC Psychiatry Neurological disorders Children/adolescents HIV Prevalence Correlates |
| title | Prevalence, correlates for early neurological disorders and association with functioning among children and adolescents with HIV/AIDS in Uganda |
| title_full | Prevalence, correlates for early neurological disorders and association with functioning among children and adolescents with HIV/AIDS in Uganda |
| title_fullStr | Prevalence, correlates for early neurological disorders and association with functioning among children and adolescents with HIV/AIDS in Uganda |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence, correlates for early neurological disorders and association with functioning among children and adolescents with HIV/AIDS in Uganda |
| title_short | Prevalence, correlates for early neurological disorders and association with functioning among children and adolescents with HIV/AIDS in Uganda |
| title_sort | prevalence correlates for early neurological disorders and association with functioning among children and adolescents with hiv aids in uganda |
| topic | Neurological disorders Children/adolescents HIV Prevalence Correlates |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12888-019-2023-9 |
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