The First Report of Genetic Polymorphisms of the Equine <i>SPRN</i> Gene in Outbred Horses, Jeju and Halla Horses
Prion disease is a fatal infectious disease caused by the accumulation of pathogenic prion protein (PrP<sup>Sc</sup>) in several mammals. However, to date, prion disease has not been reported in horses. The Sho protein encoded by the shadow of the prion protein gene (SPRN) plays an essen...
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MDPI AG
2021-09-01
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| Series: | Animals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/11/9/2574 |
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| author | Sae-Young Won Yong-Chan Kim Kyoungtag Do Byung-Hoon Jeong |
| author_facet | Sae-Young Won Yong-Chan Kim Kyoungtag Do Byung-Hoon Jeong |
| author_sort | Sae-Young Won |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Prion disease is a fatal infectious disease caused by the accumulation of pathogenic prion protein (PrP<sup>Sc</sup>) in several mammals. However, to date, prion disease has not been reported in horses. The Sho protein encoded by the shadow of the prion protein gene (SPRN) plays an essential role in the pathomechanism of prion diseases. To date, the only genetic study of the equine SPRN gene has been reported in the inbred horse, Thoroughbred horse. We first discovered four SPRN single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 141 Jeju and 88 Halla horses by direct DNA sequencing. In addition, we found that the genotype, allele and haplotype frequencies of these SNPs of Jeju horses were significantly different from those of Halla and Thoroughbred horses, this latter breed is also included in this study. Furthermore, we observed that the minimum free energy and mRNA secondary structure were significantly different according to haplotypes of equine SPRN polymorphisms by the RNAsnp program. Finally, we compared the SNPs in the coding sequence (CDS) of the SPRN gene between horses and prion disease-susceptible species. Notably, prion disease-susceptible animals had polymorphisms that cause amino acid changes in the open reading frame (ORF) of the SPRN gene, while these polymorphisms were not found in horses. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T07:57:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4742eacf8b0c4dc0842501e2c20f9148 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T07:57:57Z |
| publishDate | 2021-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj.art-4742eacf8b0c4dc0842501e2c20f91482023-11-22T11:42:14ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152021-09-01119257410.3390/ani11092574The First Report of Genetic Polymorphisms of the Equine <i>SPRN</i> Gene in Outbred Horses, Jeju and Halla HorsesSae-Young Won0Yong-Chan Kim1Kyoungtag Do2Byung-Hoon Jeong3Korea Zoonosis Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54531, Jeonbuk, KoreaKorea Zoonosis Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54531, Jeonbuk, KoreaLaboratory of Equine Science, Department of Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, KoreaKorea Zoonosis Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54531, Jeonbuk, KoreaPrion disease is a fatal infectious disease caused by the accumulation of pathogenic prion protein (PrP<sup>Sc</sup>) in several mammals. However, to date, prion disease has not been reported in horses. The Sho protein encoded by the shadow of the prion protein gene (SPRN) plays an essential role in the pathomechanism of prion diseases. To date, the only genetic study of the equine SPRN gene has been reported in the inbred horse, Thoroughbred horse. We first discovered four SPRN single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 141 Jeju and 88 Halla horses by direct DNA sequencing. In addition, we found that the genotype, allele and haplotype frequencies of these SNPs of Jeju horses were significantly different from those of Halla and Thoroughbred horses, this latter breed is also included in this study. Furthermore, we observed that the minimum free energy and mRNA secondary structure were significantly different according to haplotypes of equine SPRN polymorphisms by the RNAsnp program. Finally, we compared the SNPs in the coding sequence (CDS) of the SPRN gene between horses and prion disease-susceptible species. Notably, prion disease-susceptible animals had polymorphisms that cause amino acid changes in the open reading frame (ORF) of the SPRN gene, while these polymorphisms were not found in horses.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/11/9/2574prionscrapieBSECJDSNPprion gene family |
| spellingShingle | Sae-Young Won Yong-Chan Kim Kyoungtag Do Byung-Hoon Jeong The First Report of Genetic Polymorphisms of the Equine <i>SPRN</i> Gene in Outbred Horses, Jeju and Halla Horses Animals prion scrapie BSE CJD SNP prion gene family |
| title | The First Report of Genetic Polymorphisms of the Equine <i>SPRN</i> Gene in Outbred Horses, Jeju and Halla Horses |
| title_full | The First Report of Genetic Polymorphisms of the Equine <i>SPRN</i> Gene in Outbred Horses, Jeju and Halla Horses |
| title_fullStr | The First Report of Genetic Polymorphisms of the Equine <i>SPRN</i> Gene in Outbred Horses, Jeju and Halla Horses |
| title_full_unstemmed | The First Report of Genetic Polymorphisms of the Equine <i>SPRN</i> Gene in Outbred Horses, Jeju and Halla Horses |
| title_short | The First Report of Genetic Polymorphisms of the Equine <i>SPRN</i> Gene in Outbred Horses, Jeju and Halla Horses |
| title_sort | first report of genetic polymorphisms of the equine i sprn i gene in outbred horses jeju and halla horses |
| topic | prion scrapie BSE CJD SNP prion gene family |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/11/9/2574 |
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