Biochar application significantly affects the N pool and microbial community structure in purple and paddy soils
Background The increasing demand for food production has resulted in the use of large quantities of chemical fertilizers. This has created major environmental problems, such as increased ammonia volatilization, N2O emission, and nitrogen (N) leaching from agricultural soil. In particular, the utiliz...
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PeerJ Inc.
2019-09-01
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| Online Access: | https://peerj.com/articles/7576.pdf |
| _version_ | 1797417933217988608 |
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| author | Shen Yan Zhengyang Niu Haitao Yan Fei Yun Guixin Peng Yongfeng Yang Guoshun Liu |
| author_facet | Shen Yan Zhengyang Niu Haitao Yan Fei Yun Guixin Peng Yongfeng Yang Guoshun Liu |
| author_sort | Shen Yan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background The increasing demand for food production has resulted in the use of large quantities of chemical fertilizers. This has created major environmental problems, such as increased ammonia volatilization, N2O emission, and nitrogen (N) leaching from agricultural soil. In particular, the utilization rate of N fertilizer is low in subtropical southern parts of China due to high rainfall. This causes not only large financial losses in agriculture, but also serious environmental pollution. Methods In this study, 16S rDNA-based analysis and static-chamber gas chromatography were used to elucidate the effects of continuous straw biochar application on the N pool and bacteria environment in two typical soil types, purple and paddy soils, in southern China. Results Straw biochar application (1) improved the soil N pool in both rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils; (2) significantly reduced the emission of N2O, with no difference in emission between 1 and 2 years of application; (3) increased the abundance of N-processing bacteria in the soil and altered the bacterial community structure; and (4) improved the tobacco yield and N use efficiency in paddy soil. These findings suggest that, in southern China, the application of straw biochar can promote N transformation in purple and paddy soils and reduce the emission of the greenhouse gas N2O. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T06:26:47Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4745ccd1d3ea4cc6a92e2682d0f87d60 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2167-8359 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T06:26:47Z |
| publishDate | 2019-09-01 |
| publisher | PeerJ Inc. |
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| spelling | doaj.art-4745ccd1d3ea4cc6a92e2682d0f87d602023-12-03T11:19:29ZengPeerJ Inc.PeerJ2167-83592019-09-017e757610.7717/peerj.7576Biochar application significantly affects the N pool and microbial community structure in purple and paddy soilsShen Yan0Zhengyang Niu1Haitao Yan2Fei Yun3Guixin Peng4Yongfeng Yang5Guoshun Liu6Department of Tobacco cultivation, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, ChinaDepartment of Tobacco cultivation, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, ChinaDepartment of Tobacco cultivation, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, ChinaDepartment of Tobacco cultivation, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, ChinaChina Tobacco Henan Industrial Co.,Ltd., Zhengzhou, Henan, ChinaChina Tobacco Henan Industrial Co.,Ltd., Zhengzhou, Henan, ChinaDepartment of Tobacco cultivation, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, ChinaBackground The increasing demand for food production has resulted in the use of large quantities of chemical fertilizers. This has created major environmental problems, such as increased ammonia volatilization, N2O emission, and nitrogen (N) leaching from agricultural soil. In particular, the utilization rate of N fertilizer is low in subtropical southern parts of China due to high rainfall. This causes not only large financial losses in agriculture, but also serious environmental pollution. Methods In this study, 16S rDNA-based analysis and static-chamber gas chromatography were used to elucidate the effects of continuous straw biochar application on the N pool and bacteria environment in two typical soil types, purple and paddy soils, in southern China. Results Straw biochar application (1) improved the soil N pool in both rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils; (2) significantly reduced the emission of N2O, with no difference in emission between 1 and 2 years of application; (3) increased the abundance of N-processing bacteria in the soil and altered the bacterial community structure; and (4) improved the tobacco yield and N use efficiency in paddy soil. These findings suggest that, in southern China, the application of straw biochar can promote N transformation in purple and paddy soils and reduce the emission of the greenhouse gas N2O.https://peerj.com/articles/7576.pdfBiocharMicrobial communityPaddy soilNitrogen cyclePurple soil |
| spellingShingle | Shen Yan Zhengyang Niu Haitao Yan Fei Yun Guixin Peng Yongfeng Yang Guoshun Liu Biochar application significantly affects the N pool and microbial community structure in purple and paddy soils PeerJ Biochar Microbial community Paddy soil Nitrogen cycle Purple soil |
| title | Biochar application significantly affects the N pool and microbial community structure in purple and paddy soils |
| title_full | Biochar application significantly affects the N pool and microbial community structure in purple and paddy soils |
| title_fullStr | Biochar application significantly affects the N pool and microbial community structure in purple and paddy soils |
| title_full_unstemmed | Biochar application significantly affects the N pool and microbial community structure in purple and paddy soils |
| title_short | Biochar application significantly affects the N pool and microbial community structure in purple and paddy soils |
| title_sort | biochar application significantly affects the n pool and microbial community structure in purple and paddy soils |
| topic | Biochar Microbial community Paddy soil Nitrogen cycle Purple soil |
| url | https://peerj.com/articles/7576.pdf |
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