School Refusal Behavior Profiles, Optimism/Pessimism, and Personality Traits in Spanish Children
The relationship between school refusal behavior (SRB) profiles and personality traits has received little attention from investigators. Identifying the profiles of students with school attendance problems may improve the understanding of the characteristics defining these students. The aim of this...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2021-09-01
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| Series: | Education Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7102/11/9/524 |
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| author | Miriam Martín Carolina Gonzálvez María Vicent Ricardo Sanmartín Aitana Fernández-Sogorb José M. García-Fernández |
| author_facet | Miriam Martín Carolina Gonzálvez María Vicent Ricardo Sanmartín Aitana Fernández-Sogorb José M. García-Fernández |
| author_sort | Miriam Martín |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The relationship between school refusal behavior (SRB) profiles and personality traits has received little attention from investigators. Identifying the profiles of students with school attendance problems may improve the understanding of the characteristics defining these students. The aim of this study was to identify different SRB profiles and analyze the relationship between these profiles, and optimism/pessimism and personality traits. The School Refusal Assessment Scale-Revised, the Youth Life Orientation Test, and the Big Five Questionnaire were administrated to 739 Spanish students aged 8–11 (<i>M</i><sub>age</sub> = 9.92; <i>SD</i> = 1.12). Pearson’s correlation coefficients revealed a significant association between personality dimensions and SRB. Three distinct profiles were identified: (1) SRB by negative reinforcement (high scores on avoiding school-related stimuli provoking negative affectivity), (2) SRB by positive reinforcement (high scores on pursuing positive tangible reinforcement outside of school), and (3) Low SRB. The SRB profile by positive reinforcement scored higher on Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Openness, and Optimism, whereas the SRB profile by negative reinforcement scored higher on Neuroticism and Pessimism. More statically significant differences were found between the negative and positive reinforcement profiles. The role of negative personality traits and pessimism as risk factors for students who are truant or refuse to attend school are discussed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T07:44:21Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4753b3b4c1274b928a6a03cb6b1e39d1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2227-7102 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T07:44:21Z |
| publishDate | 2021-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Education Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-4753b3b4c1274b928a6a03cb6b1e39d12023-11-22T12:45:32ZengMDPI AGEducation Sciences2227-71022021-09-0111952410.3390/educsci11090524School Refusal Behavior Profiles, Optimism/Pessimism, and Personality Traits in Spanish ChildrenMiriam Martín0Carolina Gonzálvez1María Vicent2Ricardo Sanmartín3Aitana Fernández-Sogorb4José M. García-Fernández5Departament of Developmental Psychology and Teaching, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, SpainDepartament of Developmental Psychology and Teaching, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, SpainDepartament of Developmental Psychology and Teaching, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, SpainDepartament of Developmental Psychology and Teaching, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, SpainDepartament of Developmental Psychology and Teaching, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, SpainDepartament of Developmental Psychology and Teaching, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, SpainThe relationship between school refusal behavior (SRB) profiles and personality traits has received little attention from investigators. Identifying the profiles of students with school attendance problems may improve the understanding of the characteristics defining these students. The aim of this study was to identify different SRB profiles and analyze the relationship between these profiles, and optimism/pessimism and personality traits. The School Refusal Assessment Scale-Revised, the Youth Life Orientation Test, and the Big Five Questionnaire were administrated to 739 Spanish students aged 8–11 (<i>M</i><sub>age</sub> = 9.92; <i>SD</i> = 1.12). Pearson’s correlation coefficients revealed a significant association between personality dimensions and SRB. Three distinct profiles were identified: (1) SRB by negative reinforcement (high scores on avoiding school-related stimuli provoking negative affectivity), (2) SRB by positive reinforcement (high scores on pursuing positive tangible reinforcement outside of school), and (3) Low SRB. The SRB profile by positive reinforcement scored higher on Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Openness, and Optimism, whereas the SRB profile by negative reinforcement scored higher on Neuroticism and Pessimism. More statically significant differences were found between the negative and positive reinforcement profiles. The role of negative personality traits and pessimism as risk factors for students who are truant or refuse to attend school are discussed.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7102/11/9/524school refusal behavioroptimismpessimismpersonalitylatent profile analysis |
| spellingShingle | Miriam Martín Carolina Gonzálvez María Vicent Ricardo Sanmartín Aitana Fernández-Sogorb José M. García-Fernández School Refusal Behavior Profiles, Optimism/Pessimism, and Personality Traits in Spanish Children Education Sciences school refusal behavior optimism pessimism personality latent profile analysis |
| title | School Refusal Behavior Profiles, Optimism/Pessimism, and Personality Traits in Spanish Children |
| title_full | School Refusal Behavior Profiles, Optimism/Pessimism, and Personality Traits in Spanish Children |
| title_fullStr | School Refusal Behavior Profiles, Optimism/Pessimism, and Personality Traits in Spanish Children |
| title_full_unstemmed | School Refusal Behavior Profiles, Optimism/Pessimism, and Personality Traits in Spanish Children |
| title_short | School Refusal Behavior Profiles, Optimism/Pessimism, and Personality Traits in Spanish Children |
| title_sort | school refusal behavior profiles optimism pessimism and personality traits in spanish children |
| topic | school refusal behavior optimism pessimism personality latent profile analysis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7102/11/9/524 |
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