Bio-Functional Coating on Ti6Al4V Surface Produced by Using Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation
One way to improve the biofunctionality of titanium alloys is by implementing plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) to incorporate bioactive elements such as fluoridated hydroxyapatite, into surface coatings of orthopaedic and dental implants. Hydroxyapatite (HAp) is known as a bioactive coating while...
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MDPI AG
2020-08-01
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| Series: | Metals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/10/9/1124 |
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| author | Aqmar Zakaria Hamdi Shukor Masahiro Todoh Kamaruzaman Jusoff |
| author_facet | Aqmar Zakaria Hamdi Shukor Masahiro Todoh Kamaruzaman Jusoff |
| author_sort | Aqmar Zakaria |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | One way to improve the biofunctionality of titanium alloys is by implementing plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) to incorporate bioactive elements such as fluoridated hydroxyapatite, into surface coatings of orthopaedic and dental implants. Hydroxyapatite (HAp) is known as a bioactive coating while fluorapatite (FAp) has an antibacterial effect that would enhance the bio-functionality and reduce the failure rate of orthopaedic and dental implants. The purpose of this study was to develop fluoridated hydroxyapatite as a bio-functional coating on Ti6Al4V with electrolyte containing trisodium orthophosphate, potassium hydroxide, and calcium fluoride. The coating surface and cross-section morphologies were evaluated, and the species in the electrolyte solution were found, and irregular micropores shapes were observed by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS). The phase composition of the coating surface containing TiO<sub>2</sub> (anatase and rutile), tricalcium orthophosphate, HAp, and FAp was characterized by X-ray diffractometer (XRD). The adhesive strength of the coating was analysed by a micro-scratch test. Simulated body fluid (SBF) immersion test was performed to investigate the bioactivity of the coating. In this study, we demonstrated that the PEO technique has a good potential to develop bio-functional surface modifications that can affect the chemical composition and roughness of the coating surface. The FAp coating may provide insights for subsequent bioactive coatings while improving the antibacterial properties for orthopaedic and dental implants. Future work shall investigate the optimal amount of fluoride in the coating layer that obtains excellent results without causing adverse effects on adjacent tissue. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T17:03:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4754a0417a1740d3a83253226d69ccfd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4701 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T17:03:48Z |
| publishDate | 2020-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Metals |
| spelling | doaj.art-4754a0417a1740d3a83253226d69ccfd2023-11-20T10:53:20ZengMDPI AGMetals2075-47012020-08-01109112410.3390/met10091124Bio-Functional Coating on Ti6Al4V Surface Produced by Using Plasma Electrolytic OxidationAqmar Zakaria0Hamdi Shukor1Masahiro Todoh2Kamaruzaman Jusoff3Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, 8 Chome Kita 13 Jonishi, Kita Ward, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8628, JapanCentre of Advanced Manufacturing and Material Processing, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, MalaysiaFaculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, 8 Chome Kita 13 Jonishi, Kita Ward, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8628, JapanUKM Press, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, MalaysiaOne way to improve the biofunctionality of titanium alloys is by implementing plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) to incorporate bioactive elements such as fluoridated hydroxyapatite, into surface coatings of orthopaedic and dental implants. Hydroxyapatite (HAp) is known as a bioactive coating while fluorapatite (FAp) has an antibacterial effect that would enhance the bio-functionality and reduce the failure rate of orthopaedic and dental implants. The purpose of this study was to develop fluoridated hydroxyapatite as a bio-functional coating on Ti6Al4V with electrolyte containing trisodium orthophosphate, potassium hydroxide, and calcium fluoride. The coating surface and cross-section morphologies were evaluated, and the species in the electrolyte solution were found, and irregular micropores shapes were observed by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS). The phase composition of the coating surface containing TiO<sub>2</sub> (anatase and rutile), tricalcium orthophosphate, HAp, and FAp was characterized by X-ray diffractometer (XRD). The adhesive strength of the coating was analysed by a micro-scratch test. Simulated body fluid (SBF) immersion test was performed to investigate the bioactivity of the coating. In this study, we demonstrated that the PEO technique has a good potential to develop bio-functional surface modifications that can affect the chemical composition and roughness of the coating surface. The FAp coating may provide insights for subsequent bioactive coatings while improving the antibacterial properties for orthopaedic and dental implants. Future work shall investigate the optimal amount of fluoride in the coating layer that obtains excellent results without causing adverse effects on adjacent tissue.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/10/9/1124hydroxyapatitefluorapatiteplasma electrolytic oxidationTi6Al4Vbioactive coating |
| spellingShingle | Aqmar Zakaria Hamdi Shukor Masahiro Todoh Kamaruzaman Jusoff Bio-Functional Coating on Ti6Al4V Surface Produced by Using Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation Metals hydroxyapatite fluorapatite plasma electrolytic oxidation Ti6Al4V bioactive coating |
| title | Bio-Functional Coating on Ti6Al4V Surface Produced by Using Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation |
| title_full | Bio-Functional Coating on Ti6Al4V Surface Produced by Using Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation |
| title_fullStr | Bio-Functional Coating on Ti6Al4V Surface Produced by Using Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Bio-Functional Coating on Ti6Al4V Surface Produced by Using Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation |
| title_short | Bio-Functional Coating on Ti6Al4V Surface Produced by Using Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation |
| title_sort | bio functional coating on ti6al4v surface produced by using plasma electrolytic oxidation |
| topic | hydroxyapatite fluorapatite plasma electrolytic oxidation Ti6Al4V bioactive coating |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/10/9/1124 |
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