Transmission of Zoonotic Diseases in the Daily Life of Ancient <i>Pompeii</i> and <i>Herculaneum</i> (79 CE, Italy): A Review of Animal–Human–Environment Interactions through Biological, Historical and Archaeological Sources
There is no doubt that the cultural and urban environments contributed to the animal–human interaction in the daily life of the ancient Roman world. The singularity of the circumstances of the burial of <i>Pompeii</i> and <i>Herculaneum</i>, together with literary sources and...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Animals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/2/213 |
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| author | Carmen Tanga Marta Remigio Joan Viciano |
| author_facet | Carmen Tanga Marta Remigio Joan Viciano |
| author_sort | Carmen Tanga |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | There is no doubt that the cultural and urban environments contributed to the animal–human interaction in the daily life of the ancient Roman world. The singularity of the circumstances of the burial of <i>Pompeii</i> and <i>Herculaneum</i>, together with literary sources and the extraordinary state of preservation of the archaeological and biological material found, has provided researchers with an opportunity, unique in its kind, to reconstruct the life and ways of living of its inhabitants. This study illustrates the main drivers and mechanisms for the distribution and transmission of zoonotic diseases in these ancient Roman populations, such as (i) the large number and role that different animal species played in the ancient Roman world; (ii) the environmental conditions for the survival of parasites, pathogens and vectors; (iii) the great variety and intensity of commercial activities and occupations that presented certain risks of infections; (iv) the absence of adequate safety controls during processing, distribution and preservation of foodstuffs in unsuitable environments and some culinary habits; (v) the inadequate mechanisms of the disposal of human waste and the biotic contamination of watercourses and reservoirs; and finally (vi) the use of animals related to religious and cultural practices. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:02:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4758d003d1474de2be79c35b50bdb8a6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:02:35Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj.art-4758d003d1474de2be79c35b50bdb8a62023-11-23T12:42:20ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152022-01-0112221310.3390/ani12020213Transmission of Zoonotic Diseases in the Daily Life of Ancient <i>Pompeii</i> and <i>Herculaneum</i> (79 CE, Italy): A Review of Animal–Human–Environment Interactions through Biological, Historical and Archaeological SourcesCarmen Tanga0Marta Remigio1Joan Viciano2Department of Legal Medicine, Toxicology and Physical Anthropology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Avenida de la Investigación 11, 18071 Granada, SpainIndependent Researcher, Strada Fonte Borea 1, 65125 Pescara, ItalyDepartment of Medicine and Ageing Sciences, ‘G. d’Annunzio’ University of Chieti-Pescara, Via L. Polacchi 11-13, 66100 Chieti, ItalyThere is no doubt that the cultural and urban environments contributed to the animal–human interaction in the daily life of the ancient Roman world. The singularity of the circumstances of the burial of <i>Pompeii</i> and <i>Herculaneum</i>, together with literary sources and the extraordinary state of preservation of the archaeological and biological material found, has provided researchers with an opportunity, unique in its kind, to reconstruct the life and ways of living of its inhabitants. This study illustrates the main drivers and mechanisms for the distribution and transmission of zoonotic diseases in these ancient Roman populations, such as (i) the large number and role that different animal species played in the ancient Roman world; (ii) the environmental conditions for the survival of parasites, pathogens and vectors; (iii) the great variety and intensity of commercial activities and occupations that presented certain risks of infections; (iv) the absence of adequate safety controls during processing, distribution and preservation of foodstuffs in unsuitable environments and some culinary habits; (v) the inadequate mechanisms of the disposal of human waste and the biotic contamination of watercourses and reservoirs; and finally (vi) the use of animals related to religious and cultural practices.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/2/213zoonosishuman–animal interactionzooarchaeologyarchaeologypalaeopathologyphysical anthropology |
| spellingShingle | Carmen Tanga Marta Remigio Joan Viciano Transmission of Zoonotic Diseases in the Daily Life of Ancient <i>Pompeii</i> and <i>Herculaneum</i> (79 CE, Italy): A Review of Animal–Human–Environment Interactions through Biological, Historical and Archaeological Sources Animals zoonosis human–animal interaction zooarchaeology archaeology palaeopathology physical anthropology |
| title | Transmission of Zoonotic Diseases in the Daily Life of Ancient <i>Pompeii</i> and <i>Herculaneum</i> (79 CE, Italy): A Review of Animal–Human–Environment Interactions through Biological, Historical and Archaeological Sources |
| title_full | Transmission of Zoonotic Diseases in the Daily Life of Ancient <i>Pompeii</i> and <i>Herculaneum</i> (79 CE, Italy): A Review of Animal–Human–Environment Interactions through Biological, Historical and Archaeological Sources |
| title_fullStr | Transmission of Zoonotic Diseases in the Daily Life of Ancient <i>Pompeii</i> and <i>Herculaneum</i> (79 CE, Italy): A Review of Animal–Human–Environment Interactions through Biological, Historical and Archaeological Sources |
| title_full_unstemmed | Transmission of Zoonotic Diseases in the Daily Life of Ancient <i>Pompeii</i> and <i>Herculaneum</i> (79 CE, Italy): A Review of Animal–Human–Environment Interactions through Biological, Historical and Archaeological Sources |
| title_short | Transmission of Zoonotic Diseases in the Daily Life of Ancient <i>Pompeii</i> and <i>Herculaneum</i> (79 CE, Italy): A Review of Animal–Human–Environment Interactions through Biological, Historical and Archaeological Sources |
| title_sort | transmission of zoonotic diseases in the daily life of ancient i pompeii i and i herculaneum i 79 ce italy a review of animal human environment interactions through biological historical and archaeological sources |
| topic | zoonosis human–animal interaction zooarchaeology archaeology palaeopathology physical anthropology |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/2/213 |
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