Electrochemical Reduction of La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, Nd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, and CeO<sub>2</sub> in LiCl-Li<sub>2</sub>O Melt
The reduction of pellets composed of individual CeO<sub>2</sub>, Nd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and a La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-Nd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-CeO<sub>2</sub> mixture by lithium extracted on a...
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2022-06-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/11/3963 |
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| author | Alexey V. Shishkin Vladimir Yu. Shishkin Aleksandr A. Pankratov Anna A. Burdina Yuriy P. Zaikov |
| author_facet | Alexey V. Shishkin Vladimir Yu. Shishkin Aleksandr A. Pankratov Anna A. Burdina Yuriy P. Zaikov |
| author_sort | Alexey V. Shishkin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The reduction of pellets composed of individual CeO<sub>2</sub>, Nd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and a La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-Nd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-CeO<sub>2</sub> mixture by lithium extracted on a cathode during lithium chloride electrolysis at 650 °C was studied. The methods of cyclic voltammetry, electron microscopy, including determination of the elemental composition of the studied objects, and X-ray diffraction analysis were applied for the present study. The reduction degree of rare-earth metal (REM) oxides was determined using both the bromine method and reduction melting of the samples in the graphite crucible. The formation of the metallic phase composed of the rare-earth elements (REEs) was not observed even at the cathode potentials, corresponding to the formation of the liquid alkali metal phase, and lithium extraction, which, in the quantitative ratio, exceeds greatly the values needed for the reduction reaction. CeO<sub>2</sub> was found to reduce to Ce<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:07:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-475d4ad05f014c70927ca093f2b06cc0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:07:15Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-475d4ad05f014c70927ca093f2b06cc02023-11-23T14:23:14ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442022-06-011511396310.3390/ma15113963Electrochemical Reduction of La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, Nd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, and CeO<sub>2</sub> in LiCl-Li<sub>2</sub>O MeltAlexey V. Shishkin0Vladimir Yu. Shishkin1Aleksandr A. Pankratov2Anna A. Burdina3Yuriy P. Zaikov4Institute of High Temperature Electrochemistry, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 620066 Ekaterinburg, RussiaInstitute of High Temperature Electrochemistry, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 620066 Ekaterinburg, RussiaInstitute of High Temperature Electrochemistry, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 620066 Ekaterinburg, RussiaInstitute of High Temperature Electrochemistry, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 620066 Ekaterinburg, RussiaInstitute of High Temperature Electrochemistry, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 620066 Ekaterinburg, RussiaThe reduction of pellets composed of individual CeO<sub>2</sub>, Nd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and a La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-Nd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-CeO<sub>2</sub> mixture by lithium extracted on a cathode during lithium chloride electrolysis at 650 °C was studied. The methods of cyclic voltammetry, electron microscopy, including determination of the elemental composition of the studied objects, and X-ray diffraction analysis were applied for the present study. The reduction degree of rare-earth metal (REM) oxides was determined using both the bromine method and reduction melting of the samples in the graphite crucible. The formation of the metallic phase composed of the rare-earth elements (REEs) was not observed even at the cathode potentials, corresponding to the formation of the liquid alkali metal phase, and lithium extraction, which, in the quantitative ratio, exceeds greatly the values needed for the reduction reaction. CeO<sub>2</sub> was found to reduce to Ce<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/11/3963rare-earth metalsreductionelectrolysisbromide methodreduction meltingmetallization |
| spellingShingle | Alexey V. Shishkin Vladimir Yu. Shishkin Aleksandr A. Pankratov Anna A. Burdina Yuriy P. Zaikov Electrochemical Reduction of La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, Nd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, and CeO<sub>2</sub> in LiCl-Li<sub>2</sub>O Melt Materials rare-earth metals reduction electrolysis bromide method reduction melting metallization |
| title | Electrochemical Reduction of La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, Nd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, and CeO<sub>2</sub> in LiCl-Li<sub>2</sub>O Melt |
| title_full | Electrochemical Reduction of La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, Nd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, and CeO<sub>2</sub> in LiCl-Li<sub>2</sub>O Melt |
| title_fullStr | Electrochemical Reduction of La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, Nd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, and CeO<sub>2</sub> in LiCl-Li<sub>2</sub>O Melt |
| title_full_unstemmed | Electrochemical Reduction of La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, Nd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, and CeO<sub>2</sub> in LiCl-Li<sub>2</sub>O Melt |
| title_short | Electrochemical Reduction of La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, Nd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, and CeO<sub>2</sub> in LiCl-Li<sub>2</sub>O Melt |
| title_sort | electrochemical reduction of la sub 2 sub o sub 3 sub nd sub 2 sub o sub 3 sub and ceo sub 2 sub in licl li sub 2 sub o melt |
| topic | rare-earth metals reduction electrolysis bromide method reduction melting metallization |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/11/3963 |
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