Improving Pedestrian Safety Using Ultra-Wideband Sensors: A Study of Time-to-Collision Estimation
Pedestrian safety has been evaluated based on the mean number of pedestrian-involved collisions. Traffic conflicts have been used as a data source to supplement collision data because of their higher frequency and lower damage. Currently, the main source of traffic conflict observation is through vi...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-04-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/8/4171 |
| _version_ | 1797603421744791552 |
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| author | Salah Fakhoury Karim Ismail |
| author_facet | Salah Fakhoury Karim Ismail |
| author_sort | Salah Fakhoury |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Pedestrian safety has been evaluated based on the mean number of pedestrian-involved collisions. Traffic conflicts have been used as a data source to supplement collision data because of their higher frequency and lower damage. Currently, the main source of traffic conflict observation is through video cameras that can efficiently gather rich data but can be limited by weather and lighting conditions. The utilization of wireless sensors to gather traffic conflict data can augment video sensors because of their robustness to adverse weather conditions and poor illumination. This study presents a prototype of a safety assessment system that utilizes ultra-wideband wireless sensors to detect traffic conflicts. A customized variant of time-to-collision is used to detect conflicts at different severity thresholds. Field trials are conducted using vehicle-mounted beacons and a phone to simulate sensors on vehicles and smart devices on pedestrians. Proximity measures are calculated in real-time to alert smartphones and prevent collisions, even in adverse weather conditions. Validation is conducted to assess the accuracy of time-to-collision measurements at various distances from the phone. Several limitations are identified and discussed, along with recommendations for improvement and lessons learned for future research and development. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:31:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-475d7cd1a15f44e98e32ad2938e6a68b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:31:53Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-475d7cd1a15f44e98e32ad2938e6a68b2023-11-17T21:20:04ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202023-04-01238417110.3390/s23084171Improving Pedestrian Safety Using Ultra-Wideband Sensors: A Study of Time-to-Collision EstimationSalah Fakhoury0Karim Ismail1Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Dr, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, CanadaDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Dr, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, CanadaPedestrian safety has been evaluated based on the mean number of pedestrian-involved collisions. Traffic conflicts have been used as a data source to supplement collision data because of their higher frequency and lower damage. Currently, the main source of traffic conflict observation is through video cameras that can efficiently gather rich data but can be limited by weather and lighting conditions. The utilization of wireless sensors to gather traffic conflict data can augment video sensors because of their robustness to adverse weather conditions and poor illumination. This study presents a prototype of a safety assessment system that utilizes ultra-wideband wireless sensors to detect traffic conflicts. A customized variant of time-to-collision is used to detect conflicts at different severity thresholds. Field trials are conducted using vehicle-mounted beacons and a phone to simulate sensors on vehicles and smart devices on pedestrians. Proximity measures are calculated in real-time to alert smartphones and prevent collisions, even in adverse weather conditions. Validation is conducted to assess the accuracy of time-to-collision measurements at various distances from the phone. Several limitations are identified and discussed, along with recommendations for improvement and lessons learned for future research and development.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/8/4171pedestrian safetytime-to-collision (<i>TTC</i>)ultra-wideband (UWB)wireless sensorsUWB beacons |
| spellingShingle | Salah Fakhoury Karim Ismail Improving Pedestrian Safety Using Ultra-Wideband Sensors: A Study of Time-to-Collision Estimation Sensors pedestrian safety time-to-collision (<i>TTC</i>) ultra-wideband (UWB) wireless sensors UWB beacons |
| title | Improving Pedestrian Safety Using Ultra-Wideband Sensors: A Study of Time-to-Collision Estimation |
| title_full | Improving Pedestrian Safety Using Ultra-Wideband Sensors: A Study of Time-to-Collision Estimation |
| title_fullStr | Improving Pedestrian Safety Using Ultra-Wideband Sensors: A Study of Time-to-Collision Estimation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Improving Pedestrian Safety Using Ultra-Wideband Sensors: A Study of Time-to-Collision Estimation |
| title_short | Improving Pedestrian Safety Using Ultra-Wideband Sensors: A Study of Time-to-Collision Estimation |
| title_sort | improving pedestrian safety using ultra wideband sensors a study of time to collision estimation |
| topic | pedestrian safety time-to-collision (<i>TTC</i>) ultra-wideband (UWB) wireless sensors UWB beacons |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/8/4171 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT salahfakhoury improvingpedestriansafetyusingultrawidebandsensorsastudyoftimetocollisionestimation AT karimismail improvingpedestriansafetyusingultrawidebandsensorsastudyoftimetocollisionestimation |