Milking system and premilking routines have a strong effect on the microbial community in bulk tank milk
ABSTRACT: In this study, we investigated the variation in the microbial community present in bulk tank milk samples and the potential effect of different farm management factors. Bulk tank milk samples were collected repeatedly over one year from 42 farms located in northern Sweden. Total and thermo...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Dairy Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022030221009693 |
| _version_ | 1811250717698031616 |
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| author | Li Sun Åse Lundh Annika Höjer Gun Bernes David Nilsson Monika Johansson Mårten Hetta Anders H. Gustafsson Karin Hallin Saedén Johan Dicksved |
| author_facet | Li Sun Åse Lundh Annika Höjer Gun Bernes David Nilsson Monika Johansson Mårten Hetta Anders H. Gustafsson Karin Hallin Saedén Johan Dicksved |
| author_sort | Li Sun |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ABSTRACT: In this study, we investigated the variation in the microbial community present in bulk tank milk samples and the potential effect of different farm management factors. Bulk tank milk samples were collected repeatedly over one year from 42 farms located in northern Sweden. Total and thermoresistant bacteria counts and 16S rRNA gene-based amplicon sequencing were used to characterize microbial community composition. The microbial community was in general heterogeneous both within and between different farms and the community composition in the bulk tank milk was commonly dominated by Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, Streptococcus, unclassified Peptostreptococcaceae, and Staphylococcus. Principal component analysis including farm factor variables and microbial taxa data revealed that the microbial community in milk was affected by type of milking system. Milk from farms using an automatic (robot) milking system (AMS) and loose housing showed different microbial community composition compared with milk from tiestall farms. A discriminant analysis model revealed that this difference was dependent on several microbial taxa. Among farms using an automatic milking system, there were further differences in the microbial community composition depending on the brand of the milking robot used. On tiestall farms, routines for teat preparation and cleaning of the milking equipment affected the microbial community composition in milk. Total bacteria count (TBC) in milk differed between the farm types, and TBC were higher on AMS than tiestall farms (log 4.05 vs. log 3.79 TBC/mL for AMS and tiestalls, respectively). Among tiestall farms, milk from farms using a chemical agent in connection to teat preparation and a more frequent use of acid to clean the milking equipment had lower TBC in milk, than milk from farms using water for teat preparation and a less frequent use of acid to clean the milking equipment (log 3.68 vs. 4.02 TBC/mL). There were no significant differences in the number of thermoresistant bacteria between farm types. The evaluated factors explained only a small proportion of total variation in the microbiota data, however, despite this, the study highlights the effect of routines associated with teat preparation and cleaning of the milking equipment on raw milk microbiota, irrespective of type of milking system used. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T16:08:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4761a54ebf694dcfac74c364f0423336 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0022-0302 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T16:08:48Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Dairy Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-4761a54ebf694dcfac74c364f04233362022-12-22T03:25:57ZengElsevierJournal of Dairy Science0022-03022022-01-011051123139Milking system and premilking routines have a strong effect on the microbial community in bulk tank milkLi Sun0Åse Lundh1Annika Höjer2Gun Bernes3David Nilsson4Monika Johansson5Mårten Hetta6Anders H. Gustafsson7Karin Hallin Saedén8Johan Dicksved9Department of Molecular Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7015, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden; Corresponding authorDepartment of Molecular Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7015, SE-750 07 Uppsala, SwedenNorrmejerier Ek. Förening, Mejerivägen 2, SE-906 22 Umeå, SwedenDepartment of Agricultural Research for Northern Sweden, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-901 83 Umeå, SwedenComputational Life Science Cluster, Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, SwedenDepartment of Molecular Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7015, SE-750 07 Uppsala, SwedenDepartment of Agricultural Research for Northern Sweden, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-901 83 Umeå, SwedenVäxa Sverige, Ulls väg 26, SE-750 07 Uppsala, SwedenNorrmejerier Ek. Förening, Mejerivägen 2, SE-906 22 Umeå, SwedenDepartment of Animal Nutrition and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7024, SE-750 07 Uppsala, SwedenABSTRACT: In this study, we investigated the variation in the microbial community present in bulk tank milk samples and the potential effect of different farm management factors. Bulk tank milk samples were collected repeatedly over one year from 42 farms located in northern Sweden. Total and thermoresistant bacteria counts and 16S rRNA gene-based amplicon sequencing were used to characterize microbial community composition. The microbial community was in general heterogeneous both within and between different farms and the community composition in the bulk tank milk was commonly dominated by Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, Streptococcus, unclassified Peptostreptococcaceae, and Staphylococcus. Principal component analysis including farm factor variables and microbial taxa data revealed that the microbial community in milk was affected by type of milking system. Milk from farms using an automatic (robot) milking system (AMS) and loose housing showed different microbial community composition compared with milk from tiestall farms. A discriminant analysis model revealed that this difference was dependent on several microbial taxa. Among farms using an automatic milking system, there were further differences in the microbial community composition depending on the brand of the milking robot used. On tiestall farms, routines for teat preparation and cleaning of the milking equipment affected the microbial community composition in milk. Total bacteria count (TBC) in milk differed between the farm types, and TBC were higher on AMS than tiestall farms (log 4.05 vs. log 3.79 TBC/mL for AMS and tiestalls, respectively). Among tiestall farms, milk from farms using a chemical agent in connection to teat preparation and a more frequent use of acid to clean the milking equipment had lower TBC in milk, than milk from farms using water for teat preparation and a less frequent use of acid to clean the milking equipment (log 3.68 vs. 4.02 TBC/mL). There were no significant differences in the number of thermoresistant bacteria between farm types. The evaluated factors explained only a small proportion of total variation in the microbiota data, however, despite this, the study highlights the effect of routines associated with teat preparation and cleaning of the milking equipment on raw milk microbiota, irrespective of type of milking system used.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022030221009693milking systempremilking routinesbulk tank milk microbiotamicrobial community composition |
| spellingShingle | Li Sun Åse Lundh Annika Höjer Gun Bernes David Nilsson Monika Johansson Mårten Hetta Anders H. Gustafsson Karin Hallin Saedén Johan Dicksved Milking system and premilking routines have a strong effect on the microbial community in bulk tank milk Journal of Dairy Science milking system premilking routines bulk tank milk microbiota microbial community composition |
| title | Milking system and premilking routines have a strong effect on the microbial community in bulk tank milk |
| title_full | Milking system and premilking routines have a strong effect on the microbial community in bulk tank milk |
| title_fullStr | Milking system and premilking routines have a strong effect on the microbial community in bulk tank milk |
| title_full_unstemmed | Milking system and premilking routines have a strong effect on the microbial community in bulk tank milk |
| title_short | Milking system and premilking routines have a strong effect on the microbial community in bulk tank milk |
| title_sort | milking system and premilking routines have a strong effect on the microbial community in bulk tank milk |
| topic | milking system premilking routines bulk tank milk microbiota microbial community composition |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022030221009693 |
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