Perspectives on the <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> Type III Secretion System Effector ExoU and Its Subversion of the Host Innate Immune Response to Infection
<i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> is an opportunistic, Gram-negative pathogen and an important cause of hospital acquired infections, especially in immunocompromised patients. Highly virulent <i>P. aeruginosa</i> strains use a type III secretion system (T3SS) to inject exoenzyme...
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| Format: | Članak |
| Jezik: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-12-01
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| Serija: | Toxins |
| Teme: | |
| Online pristup: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/13/12/880 |
| _version_ | 1827669258831659008 |
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| author | Kierra S. Hardy Maxx H. Tessmer Dara W. Frank Jonathon P. Audia |
| author_facet | Kierra S. Hardy Maxx H. Tessmer Dara W. Frank Jonathon P. Audia |
| author_sort | Kierra S. Hardy |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> is an opportunistic, Gram-negative pathogen and an important cause of hospital acquired infections, especially in immunocompromised patients. Highly virulent <i>P. aeruginosa</i> strains use a type III secretion system (T3SS) to inject exoenzyme effectors directly into the cytoplasm of a target host cell. <i>P. aeruginosa</i> strains that express the T3SS effector, ExoU, associate with adverse outcomes in critically ill patients with pneumonia, owing to the ability of ExoU to rapidly damage host cell membranes and subvert the innate immune response to infection. Herein, we review the structure, function, regulation, and virulence characteristics of the T3SS effector ExoU, a highly cytotoxic phospholipase A<sub>2</sub> enzyme. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:57:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-476df39dae6449a3898e52b51f73b8b8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6651 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:57:53Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Toxins |
| spelling | doaj.art-476df39dae6449a3898e52b51f73b8b82023-11-23T10:50:51ZengMDPI AGToxins2072-66512021-12-01131288010.3390/toxins13120880Perspectives on the <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> Type III Secretion System Effector ExoU and Its Subversion of the Host Innate Immune Response to InfectionKierra S. Hardy0Maxx H. Tessmer1Dara W. Frank2Jonathon P. Audia3Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, AL 36608, USADepartment of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USADepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USADepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, AL 36608, USA<i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> is an opportunistic, Gram-negative pathogen and an important cause of hospital acquired infections, especially in immunocompromised patients. Highly virulent <i>P. aeruginosa</i> strains use a type III secretion system (T3SS) to inject exoenzyme effectors directly into the cytoplasm of a target host cell. <i>P. aeruginosa</i> strains that express the T3SS effector, ExoU, associate with adverse outcomes in critically ill patients with pneumonia, owing to the ability of ExoU to rapidly damage host cell membranes and subvert the innate immune response to infection. Herein, we review the structure, function, regulation, and virulence characteristics of the T3SS effector ExoU, a highly cytotoxic phospholipase A<sub>2</sub> enzyme.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/13/12/880<i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>ExoUphospholipase A<sub>2</sub>pneumoniainnate immunityamyloids |
| spellingShingle | Kierra S. Hardy Maxx H. Tessmer Dara W. Frank Jonathon P. Audia Perspectives on the <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> Type III Secretion System Effector ExoU and Its Subversion of the Host Innate Immune Response to Infection Toxins <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> ExoU phospholipase A<sub>2</sub> pneumonia innate immunity amyloids |
| title | Perspectives on the <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> Type III Secretion System Effector ExoU and Its Subversion of the Host Innate Immune Response to Infection |
| title_full | Perspectives on the <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> Type III Secretion System Effector ExoU and Its Subversion of the Host Innate Immune Response to Infection |
| title_fullStr | Perspectives on the <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> Type III Secretion System Effector ExoU and Its Subversion of the Host Innate Immune Response to Infection |
| title_full_unstemmed | Perspectives on the <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> Type III Secretion System Effector ExoU and Its Subversion of the Host Innate Immune Response to Infection |
| title_short | Perspectives on the <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> Type III Secretion System Effector ExoU and Its Subversion of the Host Innate Immune Response to Infection |
| title_sort | perspectives on the i pseudomonas aeruginosa i type iii secretion system effector exou and its subversion of the host innate immune response to infection |
| topic | <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> ExoU phospholipase A<sub>2</sub> pneumonia innate immunity amyloids |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/13/12/880 |
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