Recent Advancement in mRNA Vaccine Development and Applications
Messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccine development for preventive and therapeutic applications has evolved rapidly over the last decade. The mRVNA vaccine has proven therapeutic efficacy in various applications, including infectious disease, immunotherapy, genetic disorders, regenerative medicine, and cancer....
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-07-01
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| Series: | Pharmaceutics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/15/7/1972 |
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| author | Nojoud Al Fayez Majed S. Nassar Abdullah A. Alshehri Meshal K. Alnefaie Fahad A. Almughem Bayan Y. Alshehri Abdullah O. Alawad Essam A. Tawfik |
| author_facet | Nojoud Al Fayez Majed S. Nassar Abdullah A. Alshehri Meshal K. Alnefaie Fahad A. Almughem Bayan Y. Alshehri Abdullah O. Alawad Essam A. Tawfik |
| author_sort | Nojoud Al Fayez |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccine development for preventive and therapeutic applications has evolved rapidly over the last decade. The mRVNA vaccine has proven therapeutic efficacy in various applications, including infectious disease, immunotherapy, genetic disorders, regenerative medicine, and cancer. Many mRNA vaccines have made it to clinical trials, and a couple have obtained FDA approval. This emerging therapeutic approach has several advantages over conventional methods: safety; efficacy; adaptability; bulk production; and cost-effectiveness. However, it is worth mentioning that the delivery to the target site and in vivo degradation and thermal stability are boundaries that can alter their efficacy and outcomes. In this review, we shed light on different types of mRNA vaccines, their mode of action, and the process to optimize their development and overcome their limitations. We also have explored various delivery systems focusing on the nanoparticle-mediated delivery of the mRNA vaccine. Generally, the delivery system plays a vital role in enhancing mRNA vaccine stability, biocompatibility, and homing to the desired cells and tissues. In addition to their function as a delivery vehicle, they serve as a compartment that shields and protects the mRNA molecules against physical, chemical, and biological activities that can alter their efficiency. Finally, we focused on the future considerations that should be attained for safer and more efficient mRNA application underlining the advantages and disadvantages of the current mRNA vaccines. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:43:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-476e939f77b04a9382f3110aee52c7a6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4923 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:43:49Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pharmaceutics |
| spelling | doaj.art-476e939f77b04a9382f3110aee52c7a62023-11-18T20:56:24ZengMDPI AGPharmaceutics1999-49232023-07-01157197210.3390/pharmaceutics15071972Recent Advancement in mRNA Vaccine Development and ApplicationsNojoud Al Fayez0Majed S. Nassar1Abdullah A. Alshehri2Meshal K. Alnefaie3Fahad A. Almughem4Bayan Y. Alshehri5Abdullah O. Alawad6Essam A. Tawfik7Advanced Diagnostics and Therapeutics Institute, Health Sector, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), Riyadh 11442, Saudi ArabiaAdvanced Diagnostics and Therapeutics Institute, Health Sector, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), Riyadh 11442, Saudi ArabiaAdvanced Diagnostics and Therapeutics Institute, Health Sector, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), Riyadh 11442, Saudi ArabiaAdvanced Diagnostics and Therapeutics Institute, Health Sector, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), Riyadh 11442, Saudi ArabiaAdvanced Diagnostics and Therapeutics Institute, Health Sector, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), Riyadh 11442, Saudi ArabiaAdvanced Diagnostics and Therapeutics Institute, Health Sector, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), Riyadh 11442, Saudi ArabiaHealthy Aging Research Institute, Health Sector, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), Riyadh 11442, Saudi ArabiaAdvanced Diagnostics and Therapeutics Institute, Health Sector, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), Riyadh 11442, Saudi ArabiaMessenger RNA (mRNA) vaccine development for preventive and therapeutic applications has evolved rapidly over the last decade. The mRVNA vaccine has proven therapeutic efficacy in various applications, including infectious disease, immunotherapy, genetic disorders, regenerative medicine, and cancer. Many mRNA vaccines have made it to clinical trials, and a couple have obtained FDA approval. This emerging therapeutic approach has several advantages over conventional methods: safety; efficacy; adaptability; bulk production; and cost-effectiveness. However, it is worth mentioning that the delivery to the target site and in vivo degradation and thermal stability are boundaries that can alter their efficacy and outcomes. In this review, we shed light on different types of mRNA vaccines, their mode of action, and the process to optimize their development and overcome their limitations. We also have explored various delivery systems focusing on the nanoparticle-mediated delivery of the mRNA vaccine. Generally, the delivery system plays a vital role in enhancing mRNA vaccine stability, biocompatibility, and homing to the desired cells and tissues. In addition to their function as a delivery vehicle, they serve as a compartment that shields and protects the mRNA molecules against physical, chemical, and biological activities that can alter their efficiency. Finally, we focused on the future considerations that should be attained for safer and more efficient mRNA application underlining the advantages and disadvantages of the current mRNA vaccines.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/15/7/1972mRNA vaccinedeliverylipid nanoparticles (LNPs)infectious diseasescancerimmune response |
| spellingShingle | Nojoud Al Fayez Majed S. Nassar Abdullah A. Alshehri Meshal K. Alnefaie Fahad A. Almughem Bayan Y. Alshehri Abdullah O. Alawad Essam A. Tawfik Recent Advancement in mRNA Vaccine Development and Applications Pharmaceutics mRNA vaccine delivery lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) infectious diseases cancer immune response |
| title | Recent Advancement in mRNA Vaccine Development and Applications |
| title_full | Recent Advancement in mRNA Vaccine Development and Applications |
| title_fullStr | Recent Advancement in mRNA Vaccine Development and Applications |
| title_full_unstemmed | Recent Advancement in mRNA Vaccine Development and Applications |
| title_short | Recent Advancement in mRNA Vaccine Development and Applications |
| title_sort | recent advancement in mrna vaccine development and applications |
| topic | mRNA vaccine delivery lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) infectious diseases cancer immune response |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/15/7/1972 |
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