Evaluation of the In Vitro and In Vivo Efficacy of Ruthenium Polypyridyl Compounds against Breast Cancer
The clinical success of cisplatin, carboplatin, and oxaliplatin has sparked the interest of medicinal inorganic chemistry to synthesize and study compounds with non-platinum metal centers. Despite Ru(II)–polypyridyl complexes being widely studied and well established for their antitumor properties,...
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MDPI AG
2021-08-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/16/8916 |
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| author | Oscar A. Lenis-Rojas Catarina Roma-Rodrigues Alexandra R. Fernandes Andreia Carvalho Sandra Cordeiro Jorge Guerra-Varela Laura Sánchez Digna Vázquez-García Margarita López-Torres Alberto Fernández Jesús J. Fernández |
| author_facet | Oscar A. Lenis-Rojas Catarina Roma-Rodrigues Alexandra R. Fernandes Andreia Carvalho Sandra Cordeiro Jorge Guerra-Varela Laura Sánchez Digna Vázquez-García Margarita López-Torres Alberto Fernández Jesús J. Fernández |
| author_sort | Oscar A. Lenis-Rojas |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The clinical success of cisplatin, carboplatin, and oxaliplatin has sparked the interest of medicinal inorganic chemistry to synthesize and study compounds with non-platinum metal centers. Despite Ru(II)–polypyridyl complexes being widely studied and well established for their antitumor properties, there are not enough in vivo studies to establish the potentiality of this type of compound. Therefore, we report to the best of our knowledge the first in vivo study of Ru(II)–polypyridyl complexes against breast cancer with promising results. In order to conduct our study, we used MCF7 zebrafish xenografts and ruthenium complexes [Ru(bipy)<sub>2</sub>(C<sub>12</sub>H<sub>8</sub>N<sub>6</sub>-N,N)][CF<sub>3</sub>SO<sub>3</sub>]<sub>2</sub><b>Ru1</b> and [{Ru(bipy)<sub>2</sub>}<sub>2</sub>(μ-C<sub>12</sub>H<sub>8</sub>N<sub>6</sub>-N,N)][CF<sub>3</sub>SO<sub>3</sub>]<sub>4</sub><b>Ru2</b>, which were recently developed by our group. <b>Ru1</b> and <b>Ru2</b> reduced the tumor size by an average of 30% without causing significant signs of lethality when administered at low doses of 1.25 mg·L<sup>−1</sup>. Moreover, the in vitro selectivity results were confirmed in vivo against MCF7 breast cancer cells. Surprisingly, this work suggests that both the mono- and the dinuclear Ru(II)–polypyridyl compounds have in vivo potential against breast cancer, since there were no significant differences between both treatments, highlighting <b>Ru1</b> and <b>Ru2</b> as promising chemotherapy agents in breast cancer therapy. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T08:43:47Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4776484afd6f4889a2d837cc4c60e4f6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T08:43:47Z |
| publishDate | 2021-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-4776484afd6f4889a2d837cc4c60e4f62023-11-22T08:02:31ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672021-08-012216891610.3390/ijms22168916Evaluation of the In Vitro and In Vivo Efficacy of Ruthenium Polypyridyl Compounds against Breast CancerOscar A. Lenis-Rojas0Catarina Roma-Rodrigues1Alexandra R. Fernandes2Andreia Carvalho3Sandra Cordeiro4Jorge Guerra-Varela5Laura Sánchez6Digna Vázquez-García7Margarita López-Torres8Alberto Fernández9Jesús J. Fernández10Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, ITQB, Av. da República, EAN, 2780-157 Oeiras, PortugalUCIBIO, Departamento Ciências da Vida, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, PortugalUCIBIO, Departamento Ciências da Vida, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, PortugalUCIBIO, Departamento Ciências da Vida, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, PortugalUCIBIO, Departamento Ciências da Vida, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, PortugalDepartamento de Zoología, Genética y Antropología Física. Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, SpainDepartamento de Zoología, Genética y Antropología Física. Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, SpainDepartamento de Química, Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña, 15008 A Coruña, SpainDepartamento de Química, Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña, 15008 A Coruña, SpainDepartamento de Química, Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña, 15008 A Coruña, SpainDepartamento de Química, Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña, 15008 A Coruña, SpainThe clinical success of cisplatin, carboplatin, and oxaliplatin has sparked the interest of medicinal inorganic chemistry to synthesize and study compounds with non-platinum metal centers. Despite Ru(II)–polypyridyl complexes being widely studied and well established for their antitumor properties, there are not enough in vivo studies to establish the potentiality of this type of compound. Therefore, we report to the best of our knowledge the first in vivo study of Ru(II)–polypyridyl complexes against breast cancer with promising results. In order to conduct our study, we used MCF7 zebrafish xenografts and ruthenium complexes [Ru(bipy)<sub>2</sub>(C<sub>12</sub>H<sub>8</sub>N<sub>6</sub>-N,N)][CF<sub>3</sub>SO<sub>3</sub>]<sub>2</sub><b>Ru1</b> and [{Ru(bipy)<sub>2</sub>}<sub>2</sub>(μ-C<sub>12</sub>H<sub>8</sub>N<sub>6</sub>-N,N)][CF<sub>3</sub>SO<sub>3</sub>]<sub>4</sub><b>Ru2</b>, which were recently developed by our group. <b>Ru1</b> and <b>Ru2</b> reduced the tumor size by an average of 30% without causing significant signs of lethality when administered at low doses of 1.25 mg·L<sup>−1</sup>. Moreover, the in vitro selectivity results were confirmed in vivo against MCF7 breast cancer cells. Surprisingly, this work suggests that both the mono- and the dinuclear Ru(II)–polypyridyl compounds have in vivo potential against breast cancer, since there were no significant differences between both treatments, highlighting <b>Ru1</b> and <b>Ru2</b> as promising chemotherapy agents in breast cancer therapy.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/16/8916rutheniumpolypyridyl compoundscytotoxicitycell deathcell cyclein vivo toxicity |
| spellingShingle | Oscar A. Lenis-Rojas Catarina Roma-Rodrigues Alexandra R. Fernandes Andreia Carvalho Sandra Cordeiro Jorge Guerra-Varela Laura Sánchez Digna Vázquez-García Margarita López-Torres Alberto Fernández Jesús J. Fernández Evaluation of the In Vitro and In Vivo Efficacy of Ruthenium Polypyridyl Compounds against Breast Cancer International Journal of Molecular Sciences ruthenium polypyridyl compounds cytotoxicity cell death cell cycle in vivo toxicity |
| title | Evaluation of the In Vitro and In Vivo Efficacy of Ruthenium Polypyridyl Compounds against Breast Cancer |
| title_full | Evaluation of the In Vitro and In Vivo Efficacy of Ruthenium Polypyridyl Compounds against Breast Cancer |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of the In Vitro and In Vivo Efficacy of Ruthenium Polypyridyl Compounds against Breast Cancer |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of the In Vitro and In Vivo Efficacy of Ruthenium Polypyridyl Compounds against Breast Cancer |
| title_short | Evaluation of the In Vitro and In Vivo Efficacy of Ruthenium Polypyridyl Compounds against Breast Cancer |
| title_sort | evaluation of the in vitro and in vivo efficacy of ruthenium polypyridyl compounds against breast cancer |
| topic | ruthenium polypyridyl compounds cytotoxicity cell death cell cycle in vivo toxicity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/16/8916 |
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