Experimental Study of the Dynamic Shear Modulus of Saturated Coral Sand under Complex Consolidation Conditions
The shear modulus is an essential parameter that reflects the mechanical properties of the soil. However, little is known about the shear modulus of coral sand, especially under complex consolidation conditions. In this paper, we present the results of a multi-stage strain-controlled undrained cycli...
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MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/11/1/214 |
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| author | Weijia Ma You Qin Fei Gao Qi Wu |
| author_facet | Weijia Ma You Qin Fei Gao Qi Wu |
| author_sort | Weijia Ma |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The shear modulus is an essential parameter that reflects the mechanical properties of the soil. However, little is known about the shear modulus of coral sand, especially under complex consolidation conditions. In this paper, we present the results of a multi-stage strain-controlled undrained cyclic shear test on saturated coral sand. The influences of several consolidation state parameters: effective mean principal stress (<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msubsup><mi>p</mi><mn>0</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>), consolidation ratio (<i>k</i><sub>c</sub>), consolidation direction angle (<i>α</i><sub>0</sub>), and coefficient of intermediate principal stress (<i>b</i>) on the maximum shear modulus (<i>G</i><sub>0</sub>), the reference shear strain (<i>γ</i><sub>r</sub>) and the reduction of shear modulus (<i>G</i>) have been investigated. For a specified shear strain level, <i>G</i> will increase with increasing <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msubsup><mi>p</mi><mn>0</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> and <i>k</i><sub>c</sub>, but decrease with increasing <i>α</i><sub>0</sub> and <i>b</i>. However, the difference between <i>G</i> for various <i>α</i><sub>0</sub> and <i>b</i> can be reduced by the increase of shear strain amplitude (<i>γ</i><sub>a</sub>). <i>G</i><sub>0</sub> shows an increasing trend with the increase of <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msubsup><mi>p</mi><mn>0</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> and <i>k</i><sub>c</sub>; on the contrary, with the increase of <i>α</i><sub>0</sub> and <i>b</i>, <i>G</i><sub>0</sub> shows a decreasing trend. To quantify the effect of consolidation state parameters on <i>G</i><sub>0</sub>, a new index (<i>μ</i><sub>G0</sub>) with four parameters (<i>λ</i><sub>1</sub>, <i>λ</i><sub>2</sub>, <i>λ</i><sub>3</sub>, <i>λ</i><sub>4</sub>) which is related to <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msubsup><mi>p</mi><mn>0</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>, <i>k</i><sub>c</sub>, <i>α</i><sub>0</sub>, <i>b</i> is proposed to modify the prediction model of <i>G</i><sub>0</sub> in literature. Similarly, the values of <i>γ</i><sub>r</sub> under different consolidation conditions are also evaluated comprehensively by the four parameters, and the related index (<i>μ</i><sub><i>γ</i>r</sub>) is used to predict <i>γ</i><sub>r</sub> for various consolidation state parameters. A new finding is that there is an identical relationship between normalized shear modulus <i>G</i>/<i>G</i><sub>0</sub> and normalized shear strain <i>γ</i><sub>a</sub>/<i>γ</i><sub>r</sub> for various consolidation state parameters and the Davidenkov model can describe the <i>G</i>/<i>G</i><sub>0</sub>–<i>γ</i><sub>a</sub>/<i>γ</i><sub>r</sub> curves. By using the prediction model proposed in this paper, an excellent prediction of <i>G</i> can be obtained and the deviation between measured and predicted <i>G</i> is all within ±10%. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T12:05:32Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T12:05:32Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
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| series | Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
| spelling | doaj.art-47818a4d019e4be8b8fc3e769170db0e2023-11-30T22:58:44ZengMDPI AGJournal of Marine Science and Engineering2077-13122023-01-0111121410.3390/jmse11010214Experimental Study of the Dynamic Shear Modulus of Saturated Coral Sand under Complex Consolidation ConditionsWeijia Ma0You Qin1Fei Gao2Qi Wu3School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, ChinaInstitute of Geotechnical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, ChinaSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, ChinaInstitute of Geotechnical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, ChinaThe shear modulus is an essential parameter that reflects the mechanical properties of the soil. However, little is known about the shear modulus of coral sand, especially under complex consolidation conditions. In this paper, we present the results of a multi-stage strain-controlled undrained cyclic shear test on saturated coral sand. The influences of several consolidation state parameters: effective mean principal stress (<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msubsup><mi>p</mi><mn>0</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>), consolidation ratio (<i>k</i><sub>c</sub>), consolidation direction angle (<i>α</i><sub>0</sub>), and coefficient of intermediate principal stress (<i>b</i>) on the maximum shear modulus (<i>G</i><sub>0</sub>), the reference shear strain (<i>γ</i><sub>r</sub>) and the reduction of shear modulus (<i>G</i>) have been investigated. For a specified shear strain level, <i>G</i> will increase with increasing <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msubsup><mi>p</mi><mn>0</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> and <i>k</i><sub>c</sub>, but decrease with increasing <i>α</i><sub>0</sub> and <i>b</i>. However, the difference between <i>G</i> for various <i>α</i><sub>0</sub> and <i>b</i> can be reduced by the increase of shear strain amplitude (<i>γ</i><sub>a</sub>). <i>G</i><sub>0</sub> shows an increasing trend with the increase of <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msubsup><mi>p</mi><mn>0</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> and <i>k</i><sub>c</sub>; on the contrary, with the increase of <i>α</i><sub>0</sub> and <i>b</i>, <i>G</i><sub>0</sub> shows a decreasing trend. To quantify the effect of consolidation state parameters on <i>G</i><sub>0</sub>, a new index (<i>μ</i><sub>G0</sub>) with four parameters (<i>λ</i><sub>1</sub>, <i>λ</i><sub>2</sub>, <i>λ</i><sub>3</sub>, <i>λ</i><sub>4</sub>) which is related to <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msubsup><mi>p</mi><mn>0</mn><mo>′</mo></msubsup></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>, <i>k</i><sub>c</sub>, <i>α</i><sub>0</sub>, <i>b</i> is proposed to modify the prediction model of <i>G</i><sub>0</sub> in literature. Similarly, the values of <i>γ</i><sub>r</sub> under different consolidation conditions are also evaluated comprehensively by the four parameters, and the related index (<i>μ</i><sub><i>γ</i>r</sub>) is used to predict <i>γ</i><sub>r</sub> for various consolidation state parameters. A new finding is that there is an identical relationship between normalized shear modulus <i>G</i>/<i>G</i><sub>0</sub> and normalized shear strain <i>γ</i><sub>a</sub>/<i>γ</i><sub>r</sub> for various consolidation state parameters and the Davidenkov model can describe the <i>G</i>/<i>G</i><sub>0</sub>–<i>γ</i><sub>a</sub>/<i>γ</i><sub>r</sub> curves. By using the prediction model proposed in this paper, an excellent prediction of <i>G</i> can be obtained and the deviation between measured and predicted <i>G</i> is all within ±10%.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/11/1/214coral sanddynamic shear modulusmaximum shear modulusconference shear strainprediction model of shear modulus |
| spellingShingle | Weijia Ma You Qin Fei Gao Qi Wu Experimental Study of the Dynamic Shear Modulus of Saturated Coral Sand under Complex Consolidation Conditions Journal of Marine Science and Engineering coral sand dynamic shear modulus maximum shear modulus conference shear strain prediction model of shear modulus |
| title | Experimental Study of the Dynamic Shear Modulus of Saturated Coral Sand under Complex Consolidation Conditions |
| title_full | Experimental Study of the Dynamic Shear Modulus of Saturated Coral Sand under Complex Consolidation Conditions |
| title_fullStr | Experimental Study of the Dynamic Shear Modulus of Saturated Coral Sand under Complex Consolidation Conditions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Experimental Study of the Dynamic Shear Modulus of Saturated Coral Sand under Complex Consolidation Conditions |
| title_short | Experimental Study of the Dynamic Shear Modulus of Saturated Coral Sand under Complex Consolidation Conditions |
| title_sort | experimental study of the dynamic shear modulus of saturated coral sand under complex consolidation conditions |
| topic | coral sand dynamic shear modulus maximum shear modulus conference shear strain prediction model of shear modulus |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/11/1/214 |
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