Prevalence and modifiable risk factors for dementia in persons with intellectual disabilities
Abstract Background People with intellectual disability (ID) without Down syndrome (DS) are presumed to be at higher risk of developing dementia due to their lower baseline cognitive reserve. We aimed to determine the prevalence of dementia in people with ID without DS and to identify risk factors o...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2023-07-01
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| Series: | Alzheimer’s Research & Therapy |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13195-023-01270-1 |
| _version_ | 1797774345818341376 |
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| author | Shintaro Takenoshita Seishi Terada Tomokazu Inoue Taku Kurozumi Norihito Yamada Ryozo Kuwano Shigeru Suemitsu |
| author_facet | Shintaro Takenoshita Seishi Terada Tomokazu Inoue Taku Kurozumi Norihito Yamada Ryozo Kuwano Shigeru Suemitsu |
| author_sort | Shintaro Takenoshita |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background People with intellectual disability (ID) without Down syndrome (DS) are presumed to be at higher risk of developing dementia due to their lower baseline cognitive reserve. We aimed to determine the prevalence of dementia in people with ID without DS and to identify risk factors of dementia. Methods This was a cross-sectional survey and multicenter study in Japan. Adults with ID without DS residing in the facilities were included. Caregivers of all participants were interviewed by medical specialists, and participants suspected of having cognitive decline were examined directly. ICD-10 criteria for dementia, DC-LD criteria for dementia, and DSM-5 criteria for neurocognitive disorders were used to diagnose dementia. The severity of ID, educational history, and comorbidities were compared by dividing the groups into those with and without dementia. Results A total of 1831 participants were included; 118/1831 (6.44%) were diagnosed with dementia. The prevalence of dementia for each age group was 8.8%, 60–64 years; 9.0%, 65–69 years; 19.6%, 70–74 years; and 19.4%, 75–79 years. Age, severity of ID, duration of education, hypertension, depression, stroke, and traumatic brain injury were significantly associated with the presence of dementia. Conclusions Although the prevalence of dementia in people with ID without DS was found to be higher at a younger age than in the general population, the results of this study suggested that adequate education, prevention of head trauma and stroke, and treatments of hypertension and depression may reduce the risk of dementia. These may be potentially important modifiable risk factors for the prevention of dementia in these people. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T22:19:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-47a42fc4a37e4a1db15e47209bc92d6c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1758-9193 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T22:19:40Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Alzheimer’s Research & Therapy |
| spelling | doaj.art-47a42fc4a37e4a1db15e47209bc92d6c2023-07-23T11:08:38ZengBMCAlzheimer’s Research & Therapy1758-91932023-07-0115111110.1186/s13195-023-01270-1Prevalence and modifiable risk factors for dementia in persons with intellectual disabilitiesShintaro Takenoshita0Seishi Terada1Tomokazu Inoue2Taku Kurozumi3Norihito Yamada4Ryozo Kuwano5Shigeru Suemitsu6Department of Neuropsychiatry, Okayama University HospitalDepartment of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityAsahigawaso Research Institute, Social Welfare Corporation AsahigawasoAsahigawaso Research Institute, Social Welfare Corporation AsahigawasoDepartment of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityAsahigawaso Research Institute, Social Welfare Corporation AsahigawasoAsahigawaso Research Institute, Social Welfare Corporation AsahigawasoAbstract Background People with intellectual disability (ID) without Down syndrome (DS) are presumed to be at higher risk of developing dementia due to their lower baseline cognitive reserve. We aimed to determine the prevalence of dementia in people with ID without DS and to identify risk factors of dementia. Methods This was a cross-sectional survey and multicenter study in Japan. Adults with ID without DS residing in the facilities were included. Caregivers of all participants were interviewed by medical specialists, and participants suspected of having cognitive decline were examined directly. ICD-10 criteria for dementia, DC-LD criteria for dementia, and DSM-5 criteria for neurocognitive disorders were used to diagnose dementia. The severity of ID, educational history, and comorbidities were compared by dividing the groups into those with and without dementia. Results A total of 1831 participants were included; 118/1831 (6.44%) were diagnosed with dementia. The prevalence of dementia for each age group was 8.8%, 60–64 years; 9.0%, 65–69 years; 19.6%, 70–74 years; and 19.4%, 75–79 years. Age, severity of ID, duration of education, hypertension, depression, stroke, and traumatic brain injury were significantly associated with the presence of dementia. Conclusions Although the prevalence of dementia in people with ID without DS was found to be higher at a younger age than in the general population, the results of this study suggested that adequate education, prevention of head trauma and stroke, and treatments of hypertension and depression may reduce the risk of dementia. These may be potentially important modifiable risk factors for the prevention of dementia in these people.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13195-023-01270-1Cognitive impairmentDementiaIntellectual disabilityPrevalence of dementiaRisk factor |
| spellingShingle | Shintaro Takenoshita Seishi Terada Tomokazu Inoue Taku Kurozumi Norihito Yamada Ryozo Kuwano Shigeru Suemitsu Prevalence and modifiable risk factors for dementia in persons with intellectual disabilities Alzheimer’s Research & Therapy Cognitive impairment Dementia Intellectual disability Prevalence of dementia Risk factor |
| title | Prevalence and modifiable risk factors for dementia in persons with intellectual disabilities |
| title_full | Prevalence and modifiable risk factors for dementia in persons with intellectual disabilities |
| title_fullStr | Prevalence and modifiable risk factors for dementia in persons with intellectual disabilities |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence and modifiable risk factors for dementia in persons with intellectual disabilities |
| title_short | Prevalence and modifiable risk factors for dementia in persons with intellectual disabilities |
| title_sort | prevalence and modifiable risk factors for dementia in persons with intellectual disabilities |
| topic | Cognitive impairment Dementia Intellectual disability Prevalence of dementia Risk factor |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13195-023-01270-1 |
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