Transcriptome sequencing and analysis during seed growth and development in Euryale ferox Salisb
Abstract Background Euryale ferox Salisb., an annual aquatic plant, is the only species in the genus Euryale in the Nymphaeaceae. Seeds of E. ferox are a nutritious food and also used in traditional Chinese medicine (Qian Shi in Mandarin). The molecular events that occurred during seed development i...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2018-05-01
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| Series: | BMC Genomics |
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| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12864-018-4707-9 |
| _version_ | 1828770531459989504 |
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| author | Xian Liu Zhen He Yulai Yin Xu Xu Weiwen Wu Liangjun Li |
| author_facet | Xian Liu Zhen He Yulai Yin Xu Xu Weiwen Wu Liangjun Li |
| author_sort | Xian Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Euryale ferox Salisb., an annual aquatic plant, is the only species in the genus Euryale in the Nymphaeaceae. Seeds of E. ferox are a nutritious food and also used in traditional Chinese medicine (Qian Shi in Mandarin). The molecular events that occurred during seed development in E. ferox have not yet been characterized. In this study, we performed transcriptomic analysis of four developmental stages (T1, T2, T3, and T4) in E. ferox seeds with three biological replicates per developmental stage to understand the physiological and biochemical processes during E. ferox seeds development. Results 313,844,425 clean reads were assembled into 160,107 transcripts and 85,006 unigenes with N50 lengths of 2052 bp and 1399 bp, respectively. The unigenes were annotated using five public databases (NR, COG, Swiss-Prot, KEGG, and GO). In the KEGG database, all of the unigenes were assigned to 127 pathways, of which phenylpropanoid biosynthesis was associated with the synthesis of secondary metabolites during E. ferox seed growth and development. Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) as the first key enzyme catalyzed the conversion of phenylalanine to trans-cinnamic acid, then was related to the synthesis of flavonoids, lignins and alkaloid. The expression of PAL1 reached its peak at T3 stage, followed by a slight decrease at T4 stage. Cytochrome P450 (P450), encoded by CYP84A1 (which also called ferulate-5-hydroxylase (F5H) in Arabidopsis), was mainly involved in the biosynthesis of lignins. Conclusions Our study provides a transcriptomic analysis to better understand the morphological changes and the accumulation of medicinal components during E. ferox seed development. The increasing expression of PAL and P450 encoded genes in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis may promote the maturation of E. ferox seed including size, color, hardness and accumulation of medicinal components. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T14:08:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-47a565b04e6d460f8cf5b01c194bd72e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2164 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T14:08:45Z |
| publishDate | 2018-05-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Genomics |
| spelling | doaj.art-47a565b04e6d460f8cf5b01c194bd72e2022-12-22T01:03:32ZengBMCBMC Genomics1471-21642018-05-0119111210.1186/s12864-018-4707-9Transcriptome sequencing and analysis during seed growth and development in Euryale ferox SalisbXian Liu0Zhen He1Yulai Yin2Xu Xu3Weiwen Wu4Liangjun Li5School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou UniversitySchool of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou UniversitySuzhou Vegetable Research InstituteSchool of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou UniversitySchool of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou UniversitySchool of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou UniversityAbstract Background Euryale ferox Salisb., an annual aquatic plant, is the only species in the genus Euryale in the Nymphaeaceae. Seeds of E. ferox are a nutritious food and also used in traditional Chinese medicine (Qian Shi in Mandarin). The molecular events that occurred during seed development in E. ferox have not yet been characterized. In this study, we performed transcriptomic analysis of four developmental stages (T1, T2, T3, and T4) in E. ferox seeds with three biological replicates per developmental stage to understand the physiological and biochemical processes during E. ferox seeds development. Results 313,844,425 clean reads were assembled into 160,107 transcripts and 85,006 unigenes with N50 lengths of 2052 bp and 1399 bp, respectively. The unigenes were annotated using five public databases (NR, COG, Swiss-Prot, KEGG, and GO). In the KEGG database, all of the unigenes were assigned to 127 pathways, of which phenylpropanoid biosynthesis was associated with the synthesis of secondary metabolites during E. ferox seed growth and development. Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) as the first key enzyme catalyzed the conversion of phenylalanine to trans-cinnamic acid, then was related to the synthesis of flavonoids, lignins and alkaloid. The expression of PAL1 reached its peak at T3 stage, followed by a slight decrease at T4 stage. Cytochrome P450 (P450), encoded by CYP84A1 (which also called ferulate-5-hydroxylase (F5H) in Arabidopsis), was mainly involved in the biosynthesis of lignins. Conclusions Our study provides a transcriptomic analysis to better understand the morphological changes and the accumulation of medicinal components during E. ferox seed development. The increasing expression of PAL and P450 encoded genes in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis may promote the maturation of E. ferox seed including size, color, hardness and accumulation of medicinal components.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12864-018-4707-9Euryale ferox Salisb.Seed developmentTranscriptomePhenylpropanoid biosynthesisPhenylalanine ammonia-lyaseCytochrome P450 |
| spellingShingle | Xian Liu Zhen He Yulai Yin Xu Xu Weiwen Wu Liangjun Li Transcriptome sequencing and analysis during seed growth and development in Euryale ferox Salisb BMC Genomics Euryale ferox Salisb. Seed development Transcriptome Phenylpropanoid biosynthesis Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase Cytochrome P450 |
| title | Transcriptome sequencing and analysis during seed growth and development in Euryale ferox Salisb |
| title_full | Transcriptome sequencing and analysis during seed growth and development in Euryale ferox Salisb |
| title_fullStr | Transcriptome sequencing and analysis during seed growth and development in Euryale ferox Salisb |
| title_full_unstemmed | Transcriptome sequencing and analysis during seed growth and development in Euryale ferox Salisb |
| title_short | Transcriptome sequencing and analysis during seed growth and development in Euryale ferox Salisb |
| title_sort | transcriptome sequencing and analysis during seed growth and development in euryale ferox salisb |
| topic | Euryale ferox Salisb. Seed development Transcriptome Phenylpropanoid biosynthesis Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase Cytochrome P450 |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12864-018-4707-9 |
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