Serum Interleukin-34 Levels Are Elevated in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Interleukin-34 (IL-34) was initially identified as an alternative ligand for the colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF-1R) to mediate the biology of mononuclear phagocytic cells. Recently, IL-34 was found to be associated with chronic inflammation, such as in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Both RA a...
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MDPI AG
2016-12-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/22/1/35 |
| _version_ | 1818516633021317120 |
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| author | Hongxu Wang Ju Cao Xiaofei Lai |
| author_facet | Hongxu Wang Ju Cao Xiaofei Lai |
| author_sort | Hongxu Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Interleukin-34 (IL-34) was initially identified as an alternative ligand for the colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF-1R) to mediate the biology of mononuclear phagocytic cells. Recently, IL-34 was found to be associated with chronic inflammation, such as in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Both RA and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are multifactorial autoimmune diseases and are characterized by excessive immune and inflammatory responses. Thus, we investigated whether IL-34 is involved in the pathogenesis of SLE. In all, 78 SLE patients and 53 healthy controls were enrolled in the research. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was employed to measure the concentrations of serological IL-34. Then serum IL-34 levels between the SLE group and healthy controls were analyzed by the Mann-Whitney U test. Meanwhile, the correlations between the serum IL-34 levels and disease activity indexes and other established serum markers were assessed. Furthermore, the serum IL-34 levels of 20 active SLE patients were reevaluated when diseases were in the remission stage from corticosteroids or immunosuppressive drugs. Serum IL-34 levels were significantly higher in SLE patients compared to healthy controls. Their levels were remarkably associated with accumulation of the clinical features of SLE. Additionally, IL-34 titers were positively correlated with the SLE disease activity indexes, anti-double-stranded DNA antibody (anti-dsDNA) titers and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, and inversely with complement3 (C3) levels. Moreover, serum IL-34 levels were significantly decreased after successful treatment of SLE. Serum IL-34 could be a candidate biomarker for SLE as there are elevated serum levels in treatment-naive SLE patients and we saw a significant decrease after effective treatment. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T00:44:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-47a57d52635c438ea845e97e9e43945a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T00:44:54Z |
| publishDate | 2016-12-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-47a57d52635c438ea845e97e9e43945a2022-12-22T01:26:49ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492016-12-012213510.3390/molecules22010035molecules22010035Serum Interleukin-34 Levels Are Elevated in Patients with Systemic Lupus ErythematosusHongxu Wang0Ju Cao1Xiaofei Lai2Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, ChinaDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, ChinaDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, ChinaInterleukin-34 (IL-34) was initially identified as an alternative ligand for the colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF-1R) to mediate the biology of mononuclear phagocytic cells. Recently, IL-34 was found to be associated with chronic inflammation, such as in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Both RA and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are multifactorial autoimmune diseases and are characterized by excessive immune and inflammatory responses. Thus, we investigated whether IL-34 is involved in the pathogenesis of SLE. In all, 78 SLE patients and 53 healthy controls were enrolled in the research. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was employed to measure the concentrations of serological IL-34. Then serum IL-34 levels between the SLE group and healthy controls were analyzed by the Mann-Whitney U test. Meanwhile, the correlations between the serum IL-34 levels and disease activity indexes and other established serum markers were assessed. Furthermore, the serum IL-34 levels of 20 active SLE patients were reevaluated when diseases were in the remission stage from corticosteroids or immunosuppressive drugs. Serum IL-34 levels were significantly higher in SLE patients compared to healthy controls. Their levels were remarkably associated with accumulation of the clinical features of SLE. Additionally, IL-34 titers were positively correlated with the SLE disease activity indexes, anti-double-stranded DNA antibody (anti-dsDNA) titers and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, and inversely with complement3 (C3) levels. Moreover, serum IL-34 levels were significantly decreased after successful treatment of SLE. Serum IL-34 could be a candidate biomarker for SLE as there are elevated serum levels in treatment-naive SLE patients and we saw a significant decrease after effective treatment.http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/22/1/35systemic lupus erythematosusSLEinterleukin-34, IL-34activity indeximmune biomarker |
| spellingShingle | Hongxu Wang Ju Cao Xiaofei Lai Serum Interleukin-34 Levels Are Elevated in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Molecules systemic lupus erythematosus SLE interleukin-34, IL-34 activity index immune biomarker |
| title | Serum Interleukin-34 Levels Are Elevated in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus |
| title_full | Serum Interleukin-34 Levels Are Elevated in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus |
| title_fullStr | Serum Interleukin-34 Levels Are Elevated in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus |
| title_full_unstemmed | Serum Interleukin-34 Levels Are Elevated in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus |
| title_short | Serum Interleukin-34 Levels Are Elevated in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus |
| title_sort | serum interleukin 34 levels are elevated in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus |
| topic | systemic lupus erythematosus SLE interleukin-34, IL-34 activity index immune biomarker |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/22/1/35 |
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