Different roles of Ca2+ and chitohexose in peanut (Arachis Hypogaea) photosynthetic responses to PAMP-immunity
Background During active infections, plants prevent further spread of pathogenic microorganisms by inducing the rapid programmed death of cells around the infection point. This phenomenon is called the hypersensitive response and is a common feature of plant immune responses. Plants recognize conser...
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PeerJ Inc.
2024-02-01
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| author | Quan Wang Ye Zhang Li Cui Jingjing Meng Sha Yang Xinguo Li Shubo Wan |
| author_facet | Quan Wang Ye Zhang Li Cui Jingjing Meng Sha Yang Xinguo Li Shubo Wan |
| author_sort | Quan Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background During active infections, plants prevent further spread of pathogenic microorganisms by inducing the rapid programmed death of cells around the infection point. This phenomenon is called the hypersensitive response and is a common feature of plant immune responses. Plants recognize conserved structures of pathogenic microorganisms, called pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), e.g., flagellin 22 (flg22) and chitohexose, which bind to receptors on plant cells to induce various immune-response pathways. Although abiotic stresses are known to alter photosynthesis, the different effects of flg22 and chitohexose, which are involved into PAMP-induced signaling, on photosynthesis needs further study. Methods In the present study, we assessed the role of PAMPs in peanut (Arachis hypogaea) photosynthesis, particularly, the interaction between PAMPs and Ca2+ signal transduction pathway. Results Both flg22 and chitohexose significantly promoted the expression of the pathogenesis-related genes PR-4 and PR-10, as did Ca2+. We found that Ca2+ is involved in downregulating the photosystem II (PSII) reaction center activity induced by the flg22 immune response, but the role of chitohexose is not obvious. Additionally, Ca2+ significantly reduced the non-photochemical energy dissipation in the flg22- and chitohexose-induced immune response. Conclusion These results indicated that flg22 and chitohexose can trigger peanut immune pathways through the Ca2+ signaling pathway, but they differ in their regulation of the activity of the PSII reaction center. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T01:12:13Z |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T01:12:13Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-47b2c7958bd5406e87e3a12024f775502024-02-14T15:05:06ZengPeerJ Inc.PeerJ2167-83592024-02-0112e1684110.7717/peerj.16841Different roles of Ca2+ and chitohexose in peanut (Arachis Hypogaea) photosynthetic responses to PAMP-immunityQuan Wang0Ye Zhang1Li Cui2Jingjing Meng3Sha Yang4Xinguo Li5Shubo Wan6Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ji’nan, ChinaHuangShan University, College of Life and Environment Sciences, Huangshan, ChinaInstitute of Crop Germplasm Resources, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ji’nan, ChinaInstitute of Crop Germplasm Resources, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ji’nan, ChinaInstitute of Crop Germplasm Resources, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ji’nan, ChinaInstitute of Crop Germplasm Resources, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ji’nan, ChinaShandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ji’nan, ChinaBackground During active infections, plants prevent further spread of pathogenic microorganisms by inducing the rapid programmed death of cells around the infection point. This phenomenon is called the hypersensitive response and is a common feature of plant immune responses. Plants recognize conserved structures of pathogenic microorganisms, called pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), e.g., flagellin 22 (flg22) and chitohexose, which bind to receptors on plant cells to induce various immune-response pathways. Although abiotic stresses are known to alter photosynthesis, the different effects of flg22 and chitohexose, which are involved into PAMP-induced signaling, on photosynthesis needs further study. Methods In the present study, we assessed the role of PAMPs in peanut (Arachis hypogaea) photosynthesis, particularly, the interaction between PAMPs and Ca2+ signal transduction pathway. Results Both flg22 and chitohexose significantly promoted the expression of the pathogenesis-related genes PR-4 and PR-10, as did Ca2+. We found that Ca2+ is involved in downregulating the photosystem II (PSII) reaction center activity induced by the flg22 immune response, but the role of chitohexose is not obvious. Additionally, Ca2+ significantly reduced the non-photochemical energy dissipation in the flg22- and chitohexose-induced immune response. Conclusion These results indicated that flg22 and chitohexose can trigger peanut immune pathways through the Ca2+ signaling pathway, but they differ in their regulation of the activity of the PSII reaction center.https://peerj.com/articles/16841.pdfPeanutPAMPsPhotosynthesisROSCa2+ signal transduction pathway |
| spellingShingle | Quan Wang Ye Zhang Li Cui Jingjing Meng Sha Yang Xinguo Li Shubo Wan Different roles of Ca2+ and chitohexose in peanut (Arachis Hypogaea) photosynthetic responses to PAMP-immunity PeerJ Peanut PAMPs Photosynthesis ROS Ca2+ signal transduction pathway |
| title | Different roles of Ca2+ and chitohexose in peanut (Arachis Hypogaea) photosynthetic responses to PAMP-immunity |
| title_full | Different roles of Ca2+ and chitohexose in peanut (Arachis Hypogaea) photosynthetic responses to PAMP-immunity |
| title_fullStr | Different roles of Ca2+ and chitohexose in peanut (Arachis Hypogaea) photosynthetic responses to PAMP-immunity |
| title_full_unstemmed | Different roles of Ca2+ and chitohexose in peanut (Arachis Hypogaea) photosynthetic responses to PAMP-immunity |
| title_short | Different roles of Ca2+ and chitohexose in peanut (Arachis Hypogaea) photosynthetic responses to PAMP-immunity |
| title_sort | different roles of ca2 and chitohexose in peanut arachis hypogaea photosynthetic responses to pamp immunity |
| topic | Peanut PAMPs Photosynthesis ROS Ca2+ signal transduction pathway |
| url | https://peerj.com/articles/16841.pdf |
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