Influence of Tempering Temperature and Time on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Additively Manufactured H13 Tool Steel
Among various processes for manufacturing complex-shaped metal parts, additive manufacturing is highlighted as a process capable of reducing the wastage of materials without requiring a post-process, such as machining and finishing. In particular, it is a suitable new manufacturing technology for pr...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Materials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/23/8329 |
| _version_ | 1797462857971924992 |
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| author | Kichang Bae Hyoung-Seok Moon Yongho Park Ilguk Jo Junghoon Lee |
| author_facet | Kichang Bae Hyoung-Seok Moon Yongho Park Ilguk Jo Junghoon Lee |
| author_sort | Kichang Bae |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Among various processes for manufacturing complex-shaped metal parts, additive manufacturing is highlighted as a process capable of reducing the wastage of materials without requiring a post-process, such as machining and finishing. In particular, it is a suitable new manufacturing technology for producing AISI H13 tool steel for hot-worked molds with complex cooling channels. In this study, we manufactured AISI H13 tool steel using the laser power bed fusion (LPBF) process and investigated the effects of tempering temperature and holding time on its microstructure and mechanical properties. The mechanical properties of the sub-grain cell microstructure of the AISI H13 tool steel manufactured using the LPBF process were superior to that of the H13 tool steel manufactured using the conventional method. These sub-grain cells decomposed and disappeared during the austenitizing process; however, the mechanical properties could be restored at a tempering temperature of 500 °C or higher owing to the secondary hardening and distribution of carbides. Furthermore, the mechanical properties deteriorated because of the decomposition of the martensite phase and the accumulation and coarsening of carbides when over-tempering occurred at 500 °C for 5 h and 550 °C for 3 h. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:42:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-47c2c5be9395449c9636c722615d4ce7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:42:27Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-47c2c5be9395449c9636c722615d4ce72023-11-24T11:26:22ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442022-11-011523832910.3390/ma15238329Influence of Tempering Temperature and Time on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Additively Manufactured H13 Tool SteelKichang Bae0Hyoung-Seok Moon1Yongho Park2Ilguk Jo3Junghoon Lee4Department of Metallurgical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of KoreaAdvanced Energy Materials and Components R&D Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Busan 46938, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Advanced Materials Engineering, Dong-Eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Metallurgical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of KoreaAmong various processes for manufacturing complex-shaped metal parts, additive manufacturing is highlighted as a process capable of reducing the wastage of materials without requiring a post-process, such as machining and finishing. In particular, it is a suitable new manufacturing technology for producing AISI H13 tool steel for hot-worked molds with complex cooling channels. In this study, we manufactured AISI H13 tool steel using the laser power bed fusion (LPBF) process and investigated the effects of tempering temperature and holding time on its microstructure and mechanical properties. The mechanical properties of the sub-grain cell microstructure of the AISI H13 tool steel manufactured using the LPBF process were superior to that of the H13 tool steel manufactured using the conventional method. These sub-grain cells decomposed and disappeared during the austenitizing process; however, the mechanical properties could be restored at a tempering temperature of 500 °C or higher owing to the secondary hardening and distribution of carbides. Furthermore, the mechanical properties deteriorated because of the decomposition of the martensite phase and the accumulation and coarsening of carbides when over-tempering occurred at 500 °C for 5 h and 550 °C for 3 h.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/23/8329additive manufacturinglaser powder bed fusionAISI H13 tool steelpost-heat treatmenttempering |
| spellingShingle | Kichang Bae Hyoung-Seok Moon Yongho Park Ilguk Jo Junghoon Lee Influence of Tempering Temperature and Time on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Additively Manufactured H13 Tool Steel Materials additive manufacturing laser powder bed fusion AISI H13 tool steel post-heat treatment tempering |
| title | Influence of Tempering Temperature and Time on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Additively Manufactured H13 Tool Steel |
| title_full | Influence of Tempering Temperature and Time on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Additively Manufactured H13 Tool Steel |
| title_fullStr | Influence of Tempering Temperature and Time on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Additively Manufactured H13 Tool Steel |
| title_full_unstemmed | Influence of Tempering Temperature and Time on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Additively Manufactured H13 Tool Steel |
| title_short | Influence of Tempering Temperature and Time on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Additively Manufactured H13 Tool Steel |
| title_sort | influence of tempering temperature and time on microstructure and mechanical properties of additively manufactured h13 tool steel |
| topic | additive manufacturing laser powder bed fusion AISI H13 tool steel post-heat treatment tempering |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/23/8329 |
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