The Influence of Admixtures to the Signal of an Electromagnetic Flow Meter
Measurement error in an electromagnetic flow meter appears if magnetic and electric properties of admixtures are different from that of the fluid. Expressions of the error, which depends on volume concentration, permeability, and electric conductivity of particles were obtained by approximating the...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2019-02-01
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| Series: | Energies |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/12/5/772 |
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| author | Juozapas Arvydas Virbalis Roma Račkienė Miglė Kriuglaitė-Jarašiūnienė Konstantinas Otas |
| author_facet | Juozapas Arvydas Virbalis Roma Račkienė Miglė Kriuglaitė-Jarašiūnienė Konstantinas Otas |
| author_sort | Juozapas Arvydas Virbalis |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Measurement error in an electromagnetic flow meter appears if magnetic and electric properties of admixtures are different from that of the fluid. Expressions of the error, which depends on volume concentration, permeability, and electric conductivity of particles were obtained by approximating the particles’ shape as an ellipsoid. Components of the error, which appear inside particles and outside particles in active zone of flow meter, with any canal form are investigated. Expressions of the error are presented assuming that particles are oriented in various directions with respect of the flow direction and are spinning. Different cases of magnetic and electric admixtures properties are discussed. Error expression obtained for flows with nonconductive and nonmagnetic particles coincides with experimental and modelling results obtained by other explorers for flows with air bubbles. Magnetic particles with high electric conductivity are especially dangerous. Extra measurement error in this case greatly depends on the shape of the particle. Measurement error increases if particle shape differs from a sphere. The complementary measurement error can exceed the volume concentration of particles by ten times if the ratio between the longest and the shortest axes of ellipsoid exceeds 3. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T13:19:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-47c68516a4ad4005912ec4da8e6419b4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T13:19:02Z |
| publishDate | 2019-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-47c68516a4ad4005912ec4da8e6419b42022-12-22T04:22:17ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732019-02-0112577210.3390/en12050772en12050772The Influence of Admixtures to the Signal of an Electromagnetic Flow MeterJuozapas Arvydas Virbalis0Roma Račkienė1Miglė Kriuglaitė-Jarašiūnienė2Konstantinas Otas3Department of Electrical Power Systems, Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Kaunas University of Technology, Studentų str. 48, Kaunas LT-51367, LithuaniaDepartment of Electrical Power Systems, Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Kaunas University of Technology, Studentų str. 48, Kaunas LT-51367, LithuaniaDepartment of Electrical Power Systems, Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Kaunas University of Technology, Studentų str. 48, Kaunas LT-51367, LithuaniaDepartment of Electrical Power Systems, Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Kaunas University of Technology, Studentų str. 48, Kaunas LT-51367, LithuaniaMeasurement error in an electromagnetic flow meter appears if magnetic and electric properties of admixtures are different from that of the fluid. Expressions of the error, which depends on volume concentration, permeability, and electric conductivity of particles were obtained by approximating the particles’ shape as an ellipsoid. Components of the error, which appear inside particles and outside particles in active zone of flow meter, with any canal form are investigated. Expressions of the error are presented assuming that particles are oriented in various directions with respect of the flow direction and are spinning. Different cases of magnetic and electric admixtures properties are discussed. Error expression obtained for flows with nonconductive and nonmagnetic particles coincides with experimental and modelling results obtained by other explorers for flows with air bubbles. Magnetic particles with high electric conductivity are especially dangerous. Extra measurement error in this case greatly depends on the shape of the particle. Measurement error increases if particle shape differs from a sphere. The complementary measurement error can exceed the volume concentration of particles by ten times if the ratio between the longest and the shortest axes of ellipsoid exceeds 3.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/12/5/772electromagnetic flow meteradmixturesmeasurement errorellipsoidal particles |
| spellingShingle | Juozapas Arvydas Virbalis Roma Račkienė Miglė Kriuglaitė-Jarašiūnienė Konstantinas Otas The Influence of Admixtures to the Signal of an Electromagnetic Flow Meter Energies electromagnetic flow meter admixtures measurement error ellipsoidal particles |
| title | The Influence of Admixtures to the Signal of an Electromagnetic Flow Meter |
| title_full | The Influence of Admixtures to the Signal of an Electromagnetic Flow Meter |
| title_fullStr | The Influence of Admixtures to the Signal of an Electromagnetic Flow Meter |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Influence of Admixtures to the Signal of an Electromagnetic Flow Meter |
| title_short | The Influence of Admixtures to the Signal of an Electromagnetic Flow Meter |
| title_sort | influence of admixtures to the signal of an electromagnetic flow meter |
| topic | electromagnetic flow meter admixtures measurement error ellipsoidal particles |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/12/5/772 |
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