Relapse to smoking and health-related quality of life: Secondary analysis of data from a study of smoking relapse prevention.
<h4>Background</h4>Previous studies have shown that smoking and smoking cessation may be associated with health-related quality of life (HRQoL). In this study, we compared changes in HRQoL in people who maintained abstinence with people who had relapsed to smoking.<h4>Methods</h...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2018-01-01
|
| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0205992 |
| _version_ | 1818729323042963456 |
|---|---|
| author | Fujian Song Max O Bachmann Paul Aveyard Garry R Barton Tracey J Brown Vivienne Maskrey Annie Blyth Caitlin Notley Richard Holland Stephen Sutton Thomas H Brandon |
| author_facet | Fujian Song Max O Bachmann Paul Aveyard Garry R Barton Tracey J Brown Vivienne Maskrey Annie Blyth Caitlin Notley Richard Holland Stephen Sutton Thomas H Brandon |
| author_sort | Fujian Song |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <h4>Background</h4>Previous studies have shown that smoking and smoking cessation may be associated with health-related quality of life (HRQoL). In this study, we compared changes in HRQoL in people who maintained abstinence with people who had relapsed to smoking.<h4>Methods</h4>This was a secondary analysis of data from a trial of a relapse prevention intervention in 1,407 short-term quitters. The European Quality of Life -5 Dimensions (EQ-5D) measured HRQoL at baseline, 3 and 12 months. Smoking outcome was continuous abstinence from 2 to 12 months, and 7-day smoking at 3 and 12 months. We used nonparametric test for differences in EQ-5D utility scores, and chi-square test for dichotomised response to each of the five EQ-5D dimensions. Multivariable regression analyses were conducted to evaluate associations between smoking relapse and HRQoL or anxiety/depression problems.<h4>Results</h4>The mean EQ-5D tariff score was 0.8252 at baseline. People who maintained abstinence experienced a statistically non-significant increase in the EQ-5D score (mean change 0.0015, P = 0.88), while returning to smoking was associated with a statistically significant decrease in the EQ-5D score (mean change -0.0270, P = 0.004). After adjusting for multiple baseline characteristics, the utility change during baseline and 12 months was statistically significantly associated with continuous abstinence, with a difference of 0.0288 (95% CI: 0.0006 to 0.0571, P = 0.045) between relapsers and continuous quitters. The only difference in quality of life dimensions between those who relapsed and those who maintained abstinence was in the proportion of participants with anxiety/depression problems at 12 months (30% vs. 22%, P = 0.001). Smoking relapse was associated with a simultaneous increase in anxiety/depression problems.<h4>Conclusions</h4>People who achieve short-term smoking abstinence but subsequently relapse to smoking have a reduced quality of life, which appears mostly due to worsening of symptoms of anxiety and depression. Further research is required to more fully understand the relationship between smoking and health-related quality of life, and to develop cessation interventions by taking into account the impact of anxiety or depression on smoking. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-17T22:44:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-47cbf7fa494f4113a5e58c9ba6ec7e45 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-17T22:44:03Z |
| publishDate | 2018-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj.art-47cbf7fa494f4113a5e58c9ba6ec7e452022-12-21T21:29:50ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032018-01-011311e020599210.1371/journal.pone.0205992Relapse to smoking and health-related quality of life: Secondary analysis of data from a study of smoking relapse prevention.Fujian SongMax O BachmannPaul AveyardGarry R BartonTracey J BrownVivienne MaskreyAnnie BlythCaitlin NotleyRichard HollandStephen SuttonThomas H Brandon<h4>Background</h4>Previous studies have shown that smoking and smoking cessation may be associated with health-related quality of life (HRQoL). In this study, we compared changes in HRQoL in people who maintained abstinence with people who had relapsed to smoking.<h4>Methods</h4>This was a secondary analysis of data from a trial of a relapse prevention intervention in 1,407 short-term quitters. The European Quality of Life -5 Dimensions (EQ-5D) measured HRQoL at baseline, 3 and 12 months. Smoking outcome was continuous abstinence from 2 to 12 months, and 7-day smoking at 3 and 12 months. We used nonparametric test for differences in EQ-5D utility scores, and chi-square test for dichotomised response to each of the five EQ-5D dimensions. Multivariable regression analyses were conducted to evaluate associations between smoking relapse and HRQoL or anxiety/depression problems.<h4>Results</h4>The mean EQ-5D tariff score was 0.8252 at baseline. People who maintained abstinence experienced a statistically non-significant increase in the EQ-5D score (mean change 0.0015, P = 0.88), while returning to smoking was associated with a statistically significant decrease in the EQ-5D score (mean change -0.0270, P = 0.004). After adjusting for multiple baseline characteristics, the utility change during baseline and 12 months was statistically significantly associated with continuous abstinence, with a difference of 0.0288 (95% CI: 0.0006 to 0.0571, P = 0.045) between relapsers and continuous quitters. The only difference in quality of life dimensions between those who relapsed and those who maintained abstinence was in the proportion of participants with anxiety/depression problems at 12 months (30% vs. 22%, P = 0.001). Smoking relapse was associated with a simultaneous increase in anxiety/depression problems.<h4>Conclusions</h4>People who achieve short-term smoking abstinence but subsequently relapse to smoking have a reduced quality of life, which appears mostly due to worsening of symptoms of anxiety and depression. Further research is required to more fully understand the relationship between smoking and health-related quality of life, and to develop cessation interventions by taking into account the impact of anxiety or depression on smoking.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0205992 |
| spellingShingle | Fujian Song Max O Bachmann Paul Aveyard Garry R Barton Tracey J Brown Vivienne Maskrey Annie Blyth Caitlin Notley Richard Holland Stephen Sutton Thomas H Brandon Relapse to smoking and health-related quality of life: Secondary analysis of data from a study of smoking relapse prevention. PLoS ONE |
| title | Relapse to smoking and health-related quality of life: Secondary analysis of data from a study of smoking relapse prevention. |
| title_full | Relapse to smoking and health-related quality of life: Secondary analysis of data from a study of smoking relapse prevention. |
| title_fullStr | Relapse to smoking and health-related quality of life: Secondary analysis of data from a study of smoking relapse prevention. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Relapse to smoking and health-related quality of life: Secondary analysis of data from a study of smoking relapse prevention. |
| title_short | Relapse to smoking and health-related quality of life: Secondary analysis of data from a study of smoking relapse prevention. |
| title_sort | relapse to smoking and health related quality of life secondary analysis of data from a study of smoking relapse prevention |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0205992 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT fujiansong relapsetosmokingandhealthrelatedqualityoflifesecondaryanalysisofdatafromastudyofsmokingrelapseprevention AT maxobachmann relapsetosmokingandhealthrelatedqualityoflifesecondaryanalysisofdatafromastudyofsmokingrelapseprevention AT paulaveyard relapsetosmokingandhealthrelatedqualityoflifesecondaryanalysisofdatafromastudyofsmokingrelapseprevention AT garryrbarton relapsetosmokingandhealthrelatedqualityoflifesecondaryanalysisofdatafromastudyofsmokingrelapseprevention AT traceyjbrown relapsetosmokingandhealthrelatedqualityoflifesecondaryanalysisofdatafromastudyofsmokingrelapseprevention AT viviennemaskrey relapsetosmokingandhealthrelatedqualityoflifesecondaryanalysisofdatafromastudyofsmokingrelapseprevention AT annieblyth relapsetosmokingandhealthrelatedqualityoflifesecondaryanalysisofdatafromastudyofsmokingrelapseprevention AT caitlinnotley relapsetosmokingandhealthrelatedqualityoflifesecondaryanalysisofdatafromastudyofsmokingrelapseprevention AT richardholland relapsetosmokingandhealthrelatedqualityoflifesecondaryanalysisofdatafromastudyofsmokingrelapseprevention AT stephensutton relapsetosmokingandhealthrelatedqualityoflifesecondaryanalysisofdatafromastudyofsmokingrelapseprevention AT thomashbrandon relapsetosmokingandhealthrelatedqualityoflifesecondaryanalysisofdatafromastudyofsmokingrelapseprevention |