Sex, age, and family structure influence dispersal behaviour after a forced migration
Dispersal does not only mean moving from one environment to another, but can also refer to shifting from one social group to another. Individual characteristics such as sex, age and family structure might influence an individual's propensity to disperse. In this study, we use a unique dataset o...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Cambridge University Press
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Evolutionary Human Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S2513843X23000166/type/journal_article |
| _version_ | 1797662050376220672 |
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| author | Jenni J. Kauppi Simon N. Chapman Jenni E. Pettay Mirkka Lahdenperä Virpi Lummaa John Loehr |
| author_facet | Jenni J. Kauppi Simon N. Chapman Jenni E. Pettay Mirkka Lahdenperä Virpi Lummaa John Loehr |
| author_sort | Jenni J. Kauppi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Dispersal does not only mean moving from one environment to another, but can also refer to shifting from one social group to another. Individual characteristics such as sex, age and family structure might influence an individual's propensity to disperse. In this study, we use a unique dataset of an evacuated World War II Finnish population, to test how sex, age, number of siblings and birth order influence an individual's dispersal away from their own social group at a time when society was rapidly changing. We found that young women dispersed more than young men, but the difference decreased with age. This suggests that young men might benefit more from staying near a familiar social group, whereas young women could benefit more from moving elsewhere to find work or spouses. We also found that having more younger brothers increased the propensity for firstborns to disperse more than for laterborns, indicating that younger brothers might pressure firstborn individuals into leaving. However, sisters did not have the same effect as brothers. Overall, the results show that individual characteristics are important in understanding dispersal behaviour, but environmental properties such as social structure and the period of flux after World War II might upend the standard predictions concerning residence and dispersal. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T18:54:30Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-47cd2eded20646a7a3f9337723fa8e4e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2513-843X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T18:54:30Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | Cambridge University Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Evolutionary Human Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-47cd2eded20646a7a3f9337723fa8e4e2023-10-11T06:14:32ZengCambridge University PressEvolutionary Human Sciences2513-843X2023-01-01510.1017/ehs.2023.16Sex, age, and family structure influence dispersal behaviour after a forced migrationJenni J. Kauppi0https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3853-7930Simon N. Chapman1https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2342-3383Jenni E. Pettay2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7768-5883Mirkka Lahdenperä3https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0062-6284Virpi Lummaa4https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2128-7587John Loehr5https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6212-0273Department of Biology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, FinlandINVEST Flagship Research Centre, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, FinlandINVEST Flagship Research Centre, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, FinlandDepartment of Biology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, FinlandDepartment of Biology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, FinlandUniversity of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, FinlandDispersal does not only mean moving from one environment to another, but can also refer to shifting from one social group to another. Individual characteristics such as sex, age and family structure might influence an individual's propensity to disperse. In this study, we use a unique dataset of an evacuated World War II Finnish population, to test how sex, age, number of siblings and birth order influence an individual's dispersal away from their own social group at a time when society was rapidly changing. We found that young women dispersed more than young men, but the difference decreased with age. This suggests that young men might benefit more from staying near a familiar social group, whereas young women could benefit more from moving elsewhere to find work or spouses. We also found that having more younger brothers increased the propensity for firstborns to disperse more than for laterborns, indicating that younger brothers might pressure firstborn individuals into leaving. However, sisters did not have the same effect as brothers. Overall, the results show that individual characteristics are important in understanding dispersal behaviour, but environmental properties such as social structure and the period of flux after World War II might upend the standard predictions concerning residence and dispersal.https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S2513843X23000166/type/journal_articleMigrationevacuationindividual characteristicssocial group |
| spellingShingle | Jenni J. Kauppi Simon N. Chapman Jenni E. Pettay Mirkka Lahdenperä Virpi Lummaa John Loehr Sex, age, and family structure influence dispersal behaviour after a forced migration Evolutionary Human Sciences Migration evacuation individual characteristics social group |
| title | Sex, age, and family structure influence dispersal behaviour after a forced migration |
| title_full | Sex, age, and family structure influence dispersal behaviour after a forced migration |
| title_fullStr | Sex, age, and family structure influence dispersal behaviour after a forced migration |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sex, age, and family structure influence dispersal behaviour after a forced migration |
| title_short | Sex, age, and family structure influence dispersal behaviour after a forced migration |
| title_sort | sex age and family structure influence dispersal behaviour after a forced migration |
| topic | Migration evacuation individual characteristics social group |
| url | https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S2513843X23000166/type/journal_article |
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