A novel rat model of blast-induced traumatic brain injury simulating different damage degree: implications for morphological, neurological, and biomarker changes
In current military conflicts and civilian terrorism, blast-induced traumatic brain injury (bTBI) is the primary cause of neurotrauma. However, the effects and mechanisms of bTBI are poorly understood. Although previous researchers have made significant contributions to establishing animal models fo...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2015-05-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience |
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| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fncel.2015.00168/full |
| _version_ | 1831755686930808832 |
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| author | Mengdong eLiu Chi eZhang Wenbo eLiu Peng eLuo Lei eZhang Yuan eWang Zhanjiang eWang Zhou eFei |
| author_facet | Mengdong eLiu Chi eZhang Wenbo eLiu Peng eLuo Lei eZhang Yuan eWang Zhanjiang eWang Zhou eFei |
| author_sort | Mengdong eLiu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In current military conflicts and civilian terrorism, blast-induced traumatic brain injury (bTBI) is the primary cause of neurotrauma. However, the effects and mechanisms of bTBI are poorly understood. Although previous researchers have made significant contributions to establishing animal models for the simulation of bTBI, the precision and controllability of blast-induced injury in animal models must be improved. Therefore, we established a novel rat model to simulate blast-wave injury to the brain. To simulate different extents of bTBI injury, the animals were divided into moderate and severe injury groups. The miniature spherical explosives (PETN) used in each group were of different sizes (2.5 mm diameter in the moderate injury group and 3.0 mm diameter in the severe injury group). A specially designed apparatus was able to precisely adjust the positions of the miniature explosives and create eight rats with bTBI simultaneously, using a single electric detonator. Neurological functions, gross pathologies, histopathological changes and the expression levels of various biomarkers were examined after the explosion. Compared with the moderate injury group, there were significantly more neurological dysfunctions, cortical contusions, intraparenchymal hemorrhages, cortical expression of S-100β, MBP, NSE, IL-8, IL-10, iNOS and HIF-1α in the severe injury group. These results demonstrate that we have created a reliable and reproducible bTBI model in rats. This model will be helpful for studying the mechanisms of bTBI and developing strategies for clinical bTBI treatment. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T23:59:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-47e8e6f016ab42d597fc8c4b0ac4c5d5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1662-5102 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T23:59:53Z |
| publishDate | 2015-05-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience |
| spelling | doaj.art-47e8e6f016ab42d597fc8c4b0ac4c5d52022-12-21T18:45:43ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience1662-51022015-05-01910.3389/fncel.2015.00168133768A novel rat model of blast-induced traumatic brain injury simulating different damage degree: implications for morphological, neurological, and biomarker changesMengdong eLiu0Chi eZhang1Wenbo eLiu2Peng eLuo3Lei eZhang4Yuan eWang5Zhanjiang eWang6Zhou eFei7Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, Xi’an 710024, P.R. ChinaNorthwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, Xi’an 710024, P.R. ChinaNorthwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, Xi’an 710024, P.R. ChinaNorthwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, Xi’an 710024, P.R. ChinaNorthwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, Xi’an 710024, P.R. ChinaNorthwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, Xi’an 710024, P.R. ChinaNorthwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, Xi’an 710024, P.R. ChinaNorthwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, Xi’an 710024, P.R. ChinaIn current military conflicts and civilian terrorism, blast-induced traumatic brain injury (bTBI) is the primary cause of neurotrauma. However, the effects and mechanisms of bTBI are poorly understood. Although previous researchers have made significant contributions to establishing animal models for the simulation of bTBI, the precision and controllability of blast-induced injury in animal models must be improved. Therefore, we established a novel rat model to simulate blast-wave injury to the brain. To simulate different extents of bTBI injury, the animals were divided into moderate and severe injury groups. The miniature spherical explosives (PETN) used in each group were of different sizes (2.5 mm diameter in the moderate injury group and 3.0 mm diameter in the severe injury group). A specially designed apparatus was able to precisely adjust the positions of the miniature explosives and create eight rats with bTBI simultaneously, using a single electric detonator. Neurological functions, gross pathologies, histopathological changes and the expression levels of various biomarkers were examined after the explosion. Compared with the moderate injury group, there were significantly more neurological dysfunctions, cortical contusions, intraparenchymal hemorrhages, cortical expression of S-100β, MBP, NSE, IL-8, IL-10, iNOS and HIF-1α in the severe injury group. These results demonstrate that we have created a reliable and reproducible bTBI model in rats. This model will be helpful for studying the mechanisms of bTBI and developing strategies for clinical bTBI treatment.http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fncel.2015.00168/fullInflammationbiomarkeranimal modelBlast-Induced Traumatic Brain InjuryMetabolic change |
| spellingShingle | Mengdong eLiu Chi eZhang Wenbo eLiu Peng eLuo Lei eZhang Yuan eWang Zhanjiang eWang Zhou eFei A novel rat model of blast-induced traumatic brain injury simulating different damage degree: implications for morphological, neurological, and biomarker changes Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience Inflammation biomarker animal model Blast-Induced Traumatic Brain Injury Metabolic change |
| title | A novel rat model of blast-induced traumatic brain injury simulating different damage degree: implications for morphological, neurological, and biomarker changes |
| title_full | A novel rat model of blast-induced traumatic brain injury simulating different damage degree: implications for morphological, neurological, and biomarker changes |
| title_fullStr | A novel rat model of blast-induced traumatic brain injury simulating different damage degree: implications for morphological, neurological, and biomarker changes |
| title_full_unstemmed | A novel rat model of blast-induced traumatic brain injury simulating different damage degree: implications for morphological, neurological, and biomarker changes |
| title_short | A novel rat model of blast-induced traumatic brain injury simulating different damage degree: implications for morphological, neurological, and biomarker changes |
| title_sort | novel rat model of blast induced traumatic brain injury simulating different damage degree implications for morphological neurological and biomarker changes |
| topic | Inflammation biomarker animal model Blast-Induced Traumatic Brain Injury Metabolic change |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fncel.2015.00168/full |
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