Triple-Band Surface Plasmon Resonance Metamaterial Absorber Based on Open-Ended Prohibited Sign Type Monolayer Graphene
This paper introduces a novel metamaterial absorber based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR). The absorber is capable of triple-mode perfect absorption, polarization independence, incident angle insensitivity, tunability, high sensitivity, and a high figure of merit (FOM). The structure of the absor...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-04-01
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| Series: | Micromachines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/14/5/953 |
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| author | Runing Lai Pengcheng Shi Zao Yi Hailiang Li Yougen Yi |
| author_facet | Runing Lai Pengcheng Shi Zao Yi Hailiang Li Yougen Yi |
| author_sort | Runing Lai |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This paper introduces a novel metamaterial absorber based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR). The absorber is capable of triple-mode perfect absorption, polarization independence, incident angle insensitivity, tunability, high sensitivity, and a high figure of merit (FOM). The structure of the absorber consists of a sandwiched stack: a top layer of single-layer graphene array with an open-ended prohibited sign type (OPST) pattern, a middle layer of thicker SiO<sub>2</sub>, and a bottom layer of the gold metal mirror (Au). The simulation of COMSOL software suggests it achieves perfect absorption at frequencies of <i>f</i><sub>I</sub> = 4.04 THz, <i>f</i><sub>II</sub> = 6.76 THz, and <i>f</i><sub>III</sub> = 9.40 THz, with absorption peaks of 99.404%, 99.353%, and 99.146%, respectively. These three resonant frequencies and corresponding absorption rates can be regulated by controlling the patterned graphene’s geometric parameters or just adjusting the Fermi level (<i>E<sub>F</sub></i>). Additionally, when the incident angle changes between 0~50°, the absorption peaks still reach 99% regardless of the kind of polarization. Finally, to test its refractive index sensing performance, this paper calculates the results of the structure under different environments which demonstrate maximum sensitivities in three modes: <i>S</i><sub>I</sub> = 0.875 THz/RIU, <i>S</i><sub>II</sub> = 1.250 THz/RIU, and <i>S</i><sub>III</sub> = 2.000 THz/RIU. The FOM can reach FOM<sub>I</sub> = 3.74 RIU<sup>−1</sup>, FOM<sub>II</sub> = 6.08 RIU<sup>−1</sup>, and FOM<sub>III</sub> = 9.58 RIU<sup>−1</sup>. In conclusion, we provide a new approach for designing a tunable multi-band SPR metamaterial absorber with potential applications in photodetectors, active optoelectronic devices, and chemical sensors. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:29:10Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-480562922fed4008a875b94cde211586 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-666X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:29:10Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
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| series | Micromachines |
| spelling | doaj.art-480562922fed4008a875b94cde2115862023-11-18T02:29:37ZengMDPI AGMicromachines2072-666X2023-04-0114595310.3390/mi14050953Triple-Band Surface Plasmon Resonance Metamaterial Absorber Based on Open-Ended Prohibited Sign Type Monolayer GrapheneRuning Lai0Pengcheng Shi1Zao Yi2Hailiang Li3Yougen Yi4Joint Laboratory for Extreme Conditions Matter Properties, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, ChinaJoint Laboratory for Extreme Conditions Matter Properties, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, ChinaJoint Laboratory for Extreme Conditions Matter Properties, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, ChinaKey Laboratory of Microelectronic Devices & Integrated Technology, Institute of Microelectronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, ChinaCollege of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, ChinaThis paper introduces a novel metamaterial absorber based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR). The absorber is capable of triple-mode perfect absorption, polarization independence, incident angle insensitivity, tunability, high sensitivity, and a high figure of merit (FOM). The structure of the absorber consists of a sandwiched stack: a top layer of single-layer graphene array with an open-ended prohibited sign type (OPST) pattern, a middle layer of thicker SiO<sub>2</sub>, and a bottom layer of the gold metal mirror (Au). The simulation of COMSOL software suggests it achieves perfect absorption at frequencies of <i>f</i><sub>I</sub> = 4.04 THz, <i>f</i><sub>II</sub> = 6.76 THz, and <i>f</i><sub>III</sub> = 9.40 THz, with absorption peaks of 99.404%, 99.353%, and 99.146%, respectively. These three resonant frequencies and corresponding absorption rates can be regulated by controlling the patterned graphene’s geometric parameters or just adjusting the Fermi level (<i>E<sub>F</sub></i>). Additionally, when the incident angle changes between 0~50°, the absorption peaks still reach 99% regardless of the kind of polarization. Finally, to test its refractive index sensing performance, this paper calculates the results of the structure under different environments which demonstrate maximum sensitivities in three modes: <i>S</i><sub>I</sub> = 0.875 THz/RIU, <i>S</i><sub>II</sub> = 1.250 THz/RIU, and <i>S</i><sub>III</sub> = 2.000 THz/RIU. The FOM can reach FOM<sub>I</sub> = 3.74 RIU<sup>−1</sup>, FOM<sub>II</sub> = 6.08 RIU<sup>−1</sup>, and FOM<sub>III</sub> = 9.58 RIU<sup>−1</sup>. In conclusion, we provide a new approach for designing a tunable multi-band SPR metamaterial absorber with potential applications in photodetectors, active optoelectronic devices, and chemical sensors.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/14/5/953graphenetripe-band perfect absorptionpolarization independenceincident angle insensitivitytunable |
| spellingShingle | Runing Lai Pengcheng Shi Zao Yi Hailiang Li Yougen Yi Triple-Band Surface Plasmon Resonance Metamaterial Absorber Based on Open-Ended Prohibited Sign Type Monolayer Graphene Micromachines graphene tripe-band perfect absorption polarization independence incident angle insensitivity tunable |
| title | Triple-Band Surface Plasmon Resonance Metamaterial Absorber Based on Open-Ended Prohibited Sign Type Monolayer Graphene |
| title_full | Triple-Band Surface Plasmon Resonance Metamaterial Absorber Based on Open-Ended Prohibited Sign Type Monolayer Graphene |
| title_fullStr | Triple-Band Surface Plasmon Resonance Metamaterial Absorber Based on Open-Ended Prohibited Sign Type Monolayer Graphene |
| title_full_unstemmed | Triple-Band Surface Plasmon Resonance Metamaterial Absorber Based on Open-Ended Prohibited Sign Type Monolayer Graphene |
| title_short | Triple-Band Surface Plasmon Resonance Metamaterial Absorber Based on Open-Ended Prohibited Sign Type Monolayer Graphene |
| title_sort | triple band surface plasmon resonance metamaterial absorber based on open ended prohibited sign type monolayer graphene |
| topic | graphene tripe-band perfect absorption polarization independence incident angle insensitivity tunable |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/14/5/953 |
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