Study on smoke blocking and thermal radiation attenuation by water curtain in tunnel fire
Abstract A 1:10 scale model tunnel with a length, height and width of 9 m, 0.6 m and 0.8 m, respectively, was set up in this paper. A water curtain system was installed in the model to investigate the effect of water curtain systems on smoke flow and heat propagation. A reduced-scale experimental an...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-27437-2 |
| _version_ | 1828069623411507200 |
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| author | Yinuo Chen Jinzhang Jia Guangbo Che Zhiheng Zhu Zhiyuan Shen Yumo Wu |
| author_facet | Yinuo Chen Jinzhang Jia Guangbo Che Zhiheng Zhu Zhiyuan Shen Yumo Wu |
| author_sort | Yinuo Chen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract A 1:10 scale model tunnel with a length, height and width of 9 m, 0.6 m and 0.8 m, respectively, was set up in this paper. A water curtain system was installed in the model to investigate the effect of water curtain systems on smoke flow and heat propagation. A reduced-scale experimental and theoretical study was carried out by varying the heat release rate of the fire source, the water curtain pressure, and the number of water curtain rows. A series of tests were carried out for various setups to quantify each mechanism of interaction between the water mist and hot smoke, to propose a method for qualitatively analysing water curtain systems blocking the propagation of heat radiation and the flow of smoke from combustion, and to propose a method for predicting heat fluxes. The study found that the pressure of the water curtain, the number of rows, and the heat release rate of the fire source all had an effect on the smoke blocking effect of the water curtain system. This effect decreased as the heat release rate of the fire source increased and increased significantly with the pressure of the water curtain and the number of rows. The smoke blocking effect was quantified using conservation of momentum by establishing a dimensionless parameter R to represent the ratio of water curtain momentum to smoke momentum, as well as the ratio of heat flux before and after the water curtain to represent the smoke blocking capacity $$\delta$$ δ of the water curtain. The smoke blockage rate $$\delta$$ δ ranges between 40 and 75%, and the smoke blockage rate increases as the momentum R increases. Finally, in tunnel fires, a predictive model for the attenuation of heat radiation by water curtains has been developed, providing theoretical support for the quantitative study of the smoke and thermal blockage effects of water curtains, which is beneficial to the protection of human life in confined spaces. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T00:22:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4811182606934d35bbb203b0f7611aaf |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T00:22:46Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-4811182606934d35bbb203b0f7611aaf2023-01-08T12:09:37ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222023-01-0113111510.1038/s41598-023-27437-2Study on smoke blocking and thermal radiation attenuation by water curtain in tunnel fireYinuo Chen0Jinzhang Jia1Guangbo Che2Zhiheng Zhu3Zhiyuan Shen4Yumo Wu5School of Safety Science and Engineering, Liaoning Technical UniversitySchool of Safety Science and Engineering, Liaoning Technical UniversitySchool of Safety Science and Engineering, Liaoning Technical UniversitySchool of Safety Science and Engineering, Liaoning Technical UniversitySchool of Safety Science and Engineering, Liaoning Technical UniversitySchool of Safety Science and Engineering, Liaoning Technical UniversityAbstract A 1:10 scale model tunnel with a length, height and width of 9 m, 0.6 m and 0.8 m, respectively, was set up in this paper. A water curtain system was installed in the model to investigate the effect of water curtain systems on smoke flow and heat propagation. A reduced-scale experimental and theoretical study was carried out by varying the heat release rate of the fire source, the water curtain pressure, and the number of water curtain rows. A series of tests were carried out for various setups to quantify each mechanism of interaction between the water mist and hot smoke, to propose a method for qualitatively analysing water curtain systems blocking the propagation of heat radiation and the flow of smoke from combustion, and to propose a method for predicting heat fluxes. The study found that the pressure of the water curtain, the number of rows, and the heat release rate of the fire source all had an effect on the smoke blocking effect of the water curtain system. This effect decreased as the heat release rate of the fire source increased and increased significantly with the pressure of the water curtain and the number of rows. The smoke blocking effect was quantified using conservation of momentum by establishing a dimensionless parameter R to represent the ratio of water curtain momentum to smoke momentum, as well as the ratio of heat flux before and after the water curtain to represent the smoke blocking capacity $$\delta$$ δ of the water curtain. The smoke blockage rate $$\delta$$ δ ranges between 40 and 75%, and the smoke blockage rate increases as the momentum R increases. Finally, in tunnel fires, a predictive model for the attenuation of heat radiation by water curtains has been developed, providing theoretical support for the quantitative study of the smoke and thermal blockage effects of water curtains, which is beneficial to the protection of human life in confined spaces.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-27437-2 |
| spellingShingle | Yinuo Chen Jinzhang Jia Guangbo Che Zhiheng Zhu Zhiyuan Shen Yumo Wu Study on smoke blocking and thermal radiation attenuation by water curtain in tunnel fire Scientific Reports |
| title | Study on smoke blocking and thermal radiation attenuation by water curtain in tunnel fire |
| title_full | Study on smoke blocking and thermal radiation attenuation by water curtain in tunnel fire |
| title_fullStr | Study on smoke blocking and thermal radiation attenuation by water curtain in tunnel fire |
| title_full_unstemmed | Study on smoke blocking and thermal radiation attenuation by water curtain in tunnel fire |
| title_short | Study on smoke blocking and thermal radiation attenuation by water curtain in tunnel fire |
| title_sort | study on smoke blocking and thermal radiation attenuation by water curtain in tunnel fire |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-27437-2 |
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