Full-Field Measurements in the Edge Crush Test of a Corrugated Board—Analytical and Numerical Predictive Models
This article focuses on the derivation of simplified predictive models for the identification of the overall compressive stiffness and strength of corrugated cardboards. As a representative example an unsymmetrical 5-ply sample (with E and B flute) was used in this study. In order to exclude unrelia...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-05-01
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| Series: | Materials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/11/2840 |
| _version_ | 1797532652012568576 |
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| author | Tomasz Garbowski Jakub Krzysztof Grabski Aleksander Marek |
| author_facet | Tomasz Garbowski Jakub Krzysztof Grabski Aleksander Marek |
| author_sort | Tomasz Garbowski |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This article focuses on the derivation of simplified predictive models for the identification of the overall compressive stiffness and strength of corrugated cardboards. As a representative example an unsymmetrical 5-ply sample (with E and B flute) was used in this study. In order to exclude unreliable displacement measurement in the standard edge crush test, virtual strain gauges were used. Video extensometry was employed to collect measurements from the outer surfaces of the sample on both sides. Additional data allowed real force-displacement curves to be obtained, which were used in the validation procedure. To emulate the experimental results, besides a simple analytical model, a 3D numerical model fully reflecting the geometry of the corrugated board, based on the finite elements method was also built. In both cases good agreement between the experimental results and the analytical and numerical calculations was observed. This proved that the proposed analytical model can be successfully used to determine the overall stiffness and compressive strength of corrugated board, provided that the geometry and properties of all the layers of the board are known. The simple model presented in this work enables quick and reliable design and prototyping of new assemblies without the need to manufacture them. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:02:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4812f78baf334eee98243381ed6c5d17 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:02:20Z |
| publishDate | 2021-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-4812f78baf334eee98243381ed6c5d172023-11-21T21:24:15ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442021-05-011411284010.3390/ma14112840Full-Field Measurements in the Edge Crush Test of a Corrugated Board—Analytical and Numerical Predictive ModelsTomasz Garbowski0Jakub Krzysztof Grabski1Aleksander Marek2Department of Biosystems Engineering, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 50, 60-627 Poznań, PolandInstitute of Applied Mechanics, Poznan University of Technology, Jana Pawła II 24, 60-965 Poznań, PolandFaculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Highfield SO171BJ, UKThis article focuses on the derivation of simplified predictive models for the identification of the overall compressive stiffness and strength of corrugated cardboards. As a representative example an unsymmetrical 5-ply sample (with E and B flute) was used in this study. In order to exclude unreliable displacement measurement in the standard edge crush test, virtual strain gauges were used. Video extensometry was employed to collect measurements from the outer surfaces of the sample on both sides. Additional data allowed real force-displacement curves to be obtained, which were used in the validation procedure. To emulate the experimental results, besides a simple analytical model, a 3D numerical model fully reflecting the geometry of the corrugated board, based on the finite elements method was also built. In both cases good agreement between the experimental results and the analytical and numerical calculations was observed. This proved that the proposed analytical model can be successfully used to determine the overall stiffness and compressive strength of corrugated board, provided that the geometry and properties of all the layers of the board are known. The simple model presented in this work enables quick and reliable design and prototyping of new assemblies without the need to manufacture them.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/11/2840corrugated cardboardedge crush testorthotropic elasticitydigital image correlation |
| spellingShingle | Tomasz Garbowski Jakub Krzysztof Grabski Aleksander Marek Full-Field Measurements in the Edge Crush Test of a Corrugated Board—Analytical and Numerical Predictive Models Materials corrugated cardboard edge crush test orthotropic elasticity digital image correlation |
| title | Full-Field Measurements in the Edge Crush Test of a Corrugated Board—Analytical and Numerical Predictive Models |
| title_full | Full-Field Measurements in the Edge Crush Test of a Corrugated Board—Analytical and Numerical Predictive Models |
| title_fullStr | Full-Field Measurements in the Edge Crush Test of a Corrugated Board—Analytical and Numerical Predictive Models |
| title_full_unstemmed | Full-Field Measurements in the Edge Crush Test of a Corrugated Board—Analytical and Numerical Predictive Models |
| title_short | Full-Field Measurements in the Edge Crush Test of a Corrugated Board—Analytical and Numerical Predictive Models |
| title_sort | full field measurements in the edge crush test of a corrugated board analytical and numerical predictive models |
| topic | corrugated cardboard edge crush test orthotropic elasticity digital image correlation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/11/2840 |
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