Separable Reversible Data Hiding in Encrypted AMBTC Images Using Hamming Code
Data hiding is a field widely used in copyright, annotation, and secret communication for digital content, and has been continuously studied for more than 20 years. In general, data hiding uses the original image as a cover image to hide data, but recently, the research area has expanded to research...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-08-01
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| Series: | Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/16/8225 |
| _version_ | 1797432490195943424 |
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| author | Cheonshik Kim |
| author_facet | Cheonshik Kim |
| author_sort | Cheonshik Kim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Data hiding is a field widely used in copyright, annotation, and secret communication for digital content, and has been continuously studied for more than 20 years. In general, data hiding uses the original image as a cover image to hide data, but recently, the research area has expanded to research on improving the security and privacy protection of image contents by encrypting the image. This research is called separable reversible data hiding in an encrypted image (SRDH-EI). In this paper, we proposed a more efficient SRDH-EI method based on AMBTC. AMBTC can guarantee very good network transmission efficiency for applications that do not require a particularly high image quality because the compression time is short and calculation is simple compared to other existing compression methods. The SRDH-EI method presented here divides AMBTC into non-overlapping <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>4</mn><mo>×</mo><mn>4</mn></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> blocks and then performs image encryption on them. Thereafter, data can be hidden using a Hamming code for each block. The proposed method has an advantage in that the quality of the cover image and the hiding capacity can be adjusted by appropriately using the value <i>T</i> of the difference between the two quantization levels. The experimental results proved the efficiency and superiority of our proposed model. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T10:02:21Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-481c8f8933834f3cb8d193097051267c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T10:02:21Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-481c8f8933834f3cb8d193097051267c2023-12-01T23:21:53ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172022-08-011216822510.3390/app12168225Separable Reversible Data Hiding in Encrypted AMBTC Images Using Hamming CodeCheonshik Kim0Department of Computer Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, KoreaData hiding is a field widely used in copyright, annotation, and secret communication for digital content, and has been continuously studied for more than 20 years. In general, data hiding uses the original image as a cover image to hide data, but recently, the research area has expanded to research on improving the security and privacy protection of image contents by encrypting the image. This research is called separable reversible data hiding in an encrypted image (SRDH-EI). In this paper, we proposed a more efficient SRDH-EI method based on AMBTC. AMBTC can guarantee very good network transmission efficiency for applications that do not require a particularly high image quality because the compression time is short and calculation is simple compared to other existing compression methods. The SRDH-EI method presented here divides AMBTC into non-overlapping <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>4</mn><mo>×</mo><mn>4</mn></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> blocks and then performs image encryption on them. Thereafter, data can be hidden using a Hamming code for each block. The proposed method has an advantage in that the quality of the cover image and the hiding capacity can be adjusted by appropriately using the value <i>T</i> of the difference between the two quantization levels. The experimental results proved the efficiency and superiority of our proposed model.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/16/8225reversible data hiding (RDH)absolute moment block truncation coding (AMBTC)hamming codeseparable RDH in an encrypted image (SRDH-EI) |
| spellingShingle | Cheonshik Kim Separable Reversible Data Hiding in Encrypted AMBTC Images Using Hamming Code Applied Sciences reversible data hiding (RDH) absolute moment block truncation coding (AMBTC) hamming code separable RDH in an encrypted image (SRDH-EI) |
| title | Separable Reversible Data Hiding in Encrypted AMBTC Images Using Hamming Code |
| title_full | Separable Reversible Data Hiding in Encrypted AMBTC Images Using Hamming Code |
| title_fullStr | Separable Reversible Data Hiding in Encrypted AMBTC Images Using Hamming Code |
| title_full_unstemmed | Separable Reversible Data Hiding in Encrypted AMBTC Images Using Hamming Code |
| title_short | Separable Reversible Data Hiding in Encrypted AMBTC Images Using Hamming Code |
| title_sort | separable reversible data hiding in encrypted ambtc images using hamming code |
| topic | reversible data hiding (RDH) absolute moment block truncation coding (AMBTC) hamming code separable RDH in an encrypted image (SRDH-EI) |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/16/8225 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT cheonshikkim separablereversibledatahidinginencryptedambtcimagesusinghammingcode |