Exploring the origin of a unique mutant allele in twin-tail goldfish using CRISPR/Cas9 mutants
Abstract Artificial selection has been widely applied to genetically fix rare phenotypic features in ornamental domesticated animals. For many of these animals, the mutated loci and alleles underlying rare phenotypes are known. However, few studies have explored whether these rare genetic mutations...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2024-04-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-58448-2 |
| _version_ | 1797199536222896128 |
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| author | Shu-Hua Lee Chen-Yi Wang Ing-Jia Li Gembu Abe Kinya G. Ota |
| author_facet | Shu-Hua Lee Chen-Yi Wang Ing-Jia Li Gembu Abe Kinya G. Ota |
| author_sort | Shu-Hua Lee |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Artificial selection has been widely applied to genetically fix rare phenotypic features in ornamental domesticated animals. For many of these animals, the mutated loci and alleles underlying rare phenotypes are known. However, few studies have explored whether these rare genetic mutations might have been fixed due to competition among related mutated alleles or if the fixation occurred due to contingent stochastic events. Here, we performed genetic crossing with twin-tail ornamental goldfish and CRISPR/Cas9-mutated goldfish to investigate why only a single mutated allele—chdS with a E127X stop codon (also called chdA E127X )—gives rise to the twin-tail phenotype in the modern domesticated goldfish population. Two closely related chdS mutants were generated with CRISPR/Cas9 and compared with the E127X allele in F2 and F3 generations. Both of the CRISPR/Cas9-generated alleles were equivalent to the E127X allele in terms of penetrance/expressivity of the twin-tail phenotype and viability of carriers. These findings indicate that multiple truncating mutations could have produced viable twin-tail goldfish. Therefore, the absence of polymorphic alleles for the twin-tail phenotype in modern goldfish likely stems from stochastic elimination or a lack of competing alleles in the common ancestor. Our study is the first experimental comparison of a singular domestication-derived allele with CRISPR/Cas9-generated alleles to understand how genetic fixation of a unique genotype and phenotype may have occurred. Thus, our work may provide a conceptual framework for future investigations of rare evolutionary events in domesticated animals. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T07:17:19Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4842b5c506094c8186c6c5a77bc12976 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T07:17:19Z |
| publishDate | 2024-04-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-4842b5c506094c8186c6c5a77bc129762024-04-21T11:14:14ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222024-04-0114111010.1038/s41598-024-58448-2Exploring the origin of a unique mutant allele in twin-tail goldfish using CRISPR/Cas9 mutantsShu-Hua Lee0Chen-Yi Wang1Ing-Jia Li2Gembu Abe3Kinya G. Ota4Laboratory of Aquatic Zoology, Marine Research Station, Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia SinicaLaboratory of Aquatic Zoology, Marine Research Station, Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia SinicaLaboratory of Aquatic Zoology, Marine Research Station, Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia SinicaLaboratory of Aquatic Zoology, Marine Research Station, Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia SinicaLaboratory of Aquatic Zoology, Marine Research Station, Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia SinicaAbstract Artificial selection has been widely applied to genetically fix rare phenotypic features in ornamental domesticated animals. For many of these animals, the mutated loci and alleles underlying rare phenotypes are known. However, few studies have explored whether these rare genetic mutations might have been fixed due to competition among related mutated alleles or if the fixation occurred due to contingent stochastic events. Here, we performed genetic crossing with twin-tail ornamental goldfish and CRISPR/Cas9-mutated goldfish to investigate why only a single mutated allele—chdS with a E127X stop codon (also called chdA E127X )—gives rise to the twin-tail phenotype in the modern domesticated goldfish population. Two closely related chdS mutants were generated with CRISPR/Cas9 and compared with the E127X allele in F2 and F3 generations. Both of the CRISPR/Cas9-generated alleles were equivalent to the E127X allele in terms of penetrance/expressivity of the twin-tail phenotype and viability of carriers. These findings indicate that multiple truncating mutations could have produced viable twin-tail goldfish. Therefore, the absence of polymorphic alleles for the twin-tail phenotype in modern goldfish likely stems from stochastic elimination or a lack of competing alleles in the common ancestor. Our study is the first experimental comparison of a singular domestication-derived allele with CRISPR/Cas9-generated alleles to understand how genetic fixation of a unique genotype and phenotype may have occurred. Thus, our work may provide a conceptual framework for future investigations of rare evolutionary events in domesticated animals.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-58448-2 |
| spellingShingle | Shu-Hua Lee Chen-Yi Wang Ing-Jia Li Gembu Abe Kinya G. Ota Exploring the origin of a unique mutant allele in twin-tail goldfish using CRISPR/Cas9 mutants Scientific Reports |
| title | Exploring the origin of a unique mutant allele in twin-tail goldfish using CRISPR/Cas9 mutants |
| title_full | Exploring the origin of a unique mutant allele in twin-tail goldfish using CRISPR/Cas9 mutants |
| title_fullStr | Exploring the origin of a unique mutant allele in twin-tail goldfish using CRISPR/Cas9 mutants |
| title_full_unstemmed | Exploring the origin of a unique mutant allele in twin-tail goldfish using CRISPR/Cas9 mutants |
| title_short | Exploring the origin of a unique mutant allele in twin-tail goldfish using CRISPR/Cas9 mutants |
| title_sort | exploring the origin of a unique mutant allele in twin tail goldfish using crispr cas9 mutants |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-58448-2 |
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