Multi-Level Analysis and Spatial Interpolation of Distributions and Predictors of Childhood Diarrhea in Nigeria
Background: Diarrhea is one of the health problems contributing to Nigeria’s under-5 mortality rate, ranked as the eighth highest globally. As our search is concerned, there is limited evidence on the spatial distribution of childhood diarrhea in Nigeria. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the s...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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SAGE Publishing
2021-09-01
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| Series: | Environmental Health Insights |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1177/11786302211045286 |
| _version_ | 1818359901491036160 |
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| author | Obasanjo Afolabi Bolarinwa Zemenu Tadesse Tessema James Boadu Frimpong Abdul-Aziz Seidu Bright Opoku Ahinkorah |
| author_facet | Obasanjo Afolabi Bolarinwa Zemenu Tadesse Tessema James Boadu Frimpong Abdul-Aziz Seidu Bright Opoku Ahinkorah |
| author_sort | Obasanjo Afolabi Bolarinwa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Diarrhea is one of the health problems contributing to Nigeria’s under-5 mortality rate, ranked as the eighth highest globally. As our search is concerned, there is limited evidence on the spatial distribution of childhood diarrhea in Nigeria. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the spatial distribution and predictors of diarrhea among under-5 children in Nigeria. Materials and Methods: Using data from the child’s recode file of the 2018 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey, a sample of 28 583 children of women of reproductive age was considered as the sample size for this study. The outcome variable used in this study was childhood diarrhea. We employed both multilevel and spatial analyses to ascertain the factors associated with childhood diarrhea as well as its spatial clustering. Results: The regional distribution of the prevalence of diarrhea among children in Nigeria ranged from 0% to 62%. The hotspots for childhood diarrhea were in Yobe, Bauchi, Gombe, Kano, Sokoto, Imo, and Taraba. The likelihood of a child having diarrhea in Nigeria was higher among women whose partners have secondary education and above [aOR = 1.18; 95%CI = 1.05-1.33], women currently working [aOR = 1.24; 95%CI = 1.13-1.35], women practicing Islam [aOR = 1.24; 95%CI = 1.04-1.46], and women who were exposed to mass media [aOR = 1.29; 95%CI = 1.18-1.42], compared to women whose partners had no formal education, women not currently working, women practicing Christianity, and those who were not exposed to mass media. Children born to mothers who reside in North East [aOR = 2.55; 95%CI = 2.10-3.10], and communities with medium socioeconomic status [aOR = 1.44; 95%CI = 1.09-1.91] were more likely to experience diarrhea compared to those born to mothers residing in the North Central and in communities with low socioeconomic status. Conclusion: High proportions of childhood diarrhea among under-5 children in Nigeria were located in Yobe, Bauchi, Gombe, Kano, Sokoto, Imo, and Taraba. Policies and interventions that seek to reduce or eliminate diarrhea diseases among under-5 children in Nigeria should take a keen interest in the factors identified as predictors of childhood diarrhea in this study as this will help in achieving the aims of WASH, ORT corners, and SDG 3 by the year 2030. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T20:52:16Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-48500f74978445948543f2d33a061a7f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1178-6302 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T20:52:16Z |
| publishDate | 2021-09-01 |
| publisher | SAGE Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Environmental Health Insights |
| spelling | doaj.art-48500f74978445948543f2d33a061a7f2022-12-21T23:31:51ZengSAGE PublishingEnvironmental Health Insights1178-63022021-09-011510.1177/11786302211045286Multi-Level Analysis and Spatial Interpolation of Distributions and Predictors of Childhood Diarrhea in NigeriaObasanjo Afolabi Bolarinwa0Zemenu Tadesse Tessema1James Boadu Frimpong2Abdul-Aziz Seidu3Bright Opoku Ahinkorah4Obaxlove Consult, Lagos, NigeriaDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, EthiopiaDepartment of Health, Physical Education, and Recreation, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, GhanaCollege of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Services, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, AustraliaSchool of Public Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, AustraliaBackground: Diarrhea is one of the health problems contributing to Nigeria’s under-5 mortality rate, ranked as the eighth highest globally. As our search is concerned, there is limited evidence on the spatial distribution of childhood diarrhea in Nigeria. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the spatial distribution and predictors of diarrhea among under-5 children in Nigeria. Materials and Methods: Using data from the child’s recode file of the 2018 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey, a sample of 28 583 children of women of reproductive age was considered as the sample size for this study. The outcome variable used in this study was childhood diarrhea. We employed both multilevel and spatial analyses to ascertain the factors associated with childhood diarrhea as well as its spatial clustering. Results: The regional distribution of the prevalence of diarrhea among children in Nigeria ranged from 0% to 62%. The hotspots for childhood diarrhea were in Yobe, Bauchi, Gombe, Kano, Sokoto, Imo, and Taraba. The likelihood of a child having diarrhea in Nigeria was higher among women whose partners have secondary education and above [aOR = 1.18; 95%CI = 1.05-1.33], women currently working [aOR = 1.24; 95%CI = 1.13-1.35], women practicing Islam [aOR = 1.24; 95%CI = 1.04-1.46], and women who were exposed to mass media [aOR = 1.29; 95%CI = 1.18-1.42], compared to women whose partners had no formal education, women not currently working, women practicing Christianity, and those who were not exposed to mass media. Children born to mothers who reside in North East [aOR = 2.55; 95%CI = 2.10-3.10], and communities with medium socioeconomic status [aOR = 1.44; 95%CI = 1.09-1.91] were more likely to experience diarrhea compared to those born to mothers residing in the North Central and in communities with low socioeconomic status. Conclusion: High proportions of childhood diarrhea among under-5 children in Nigeria were located in Yobe, Bauchi, Gombe, Kano, Sokoto, Imo, and Taraba. Policies and interventions that seek to reduce or eliminate diarrhea diseases among under-5 children in Nigeria should take a keen interest in the factors identified as predictors of childhood diarrhea in this study as this will help in achieving the aims of WASH, ORT corners, and SDG 3 by the year 2030.https://doi.org/10.1177/11786302211045286 |
| spellingShingle | Obasanjo Afolabi Bolarinwa Zemenu Tadesse Tessema James Boadu Frimpong Abdul-Aziz Seidu Bright Opoku Ahinkorah Multi-Level Analysis and Spatial Interpolation of Distributions and Predictors of Childhood Diarrhea in Nigeria Environmental Health Insights |
| title | Multi-Level Analysis and Spatial Interpolation of Distributions and Predictors of Childhood Diarrhea in Nigeria |
| title_full | Multi-Level Analysis and Spatial Interpolation of Distributions and Predictors of Childhood Diarrhea in Nigeria |
| title_fullStr | Multi-Level Analysis and Spatial Interpolation of Distributions and Predictors of Childhood Diarrhea in Nigeria |
| title_full_unstemmed | Multi-Level Analysis and Spatial Interpolation of Distributions and Predictors of Childhood Diarrhea in Nigeria |
| title_short | Multi-Level Analysis and Spatial Interpolation of Distributions and Predictors of Childhood Diarrhea in Nigeria |
| title_sort | multi level analysis and spatial interpolation of distributions and predictors of childhood diarrhea in nigeria |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1177/11786302211045286 |
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