Much Ado about Sleep: Current Concepts on Mechanisms and Predisposition to Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is a form of sleep-disordered breathing characterized by upper airway collapse during sleep resulting in recurring arousals and desaturations. However, many aspects of this syndrome in children remain unclear. Understanding underlying pathogenic mechanisms of OSA is cri...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-11-01
|
| Series: | Children |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9067/8/11/1032 |
| _version_ | 1797510713134022656 |
|---|---|
| author | Ashley L. Saint-Fleur Alexa Christophides Prabhavathi Gummalla Catherine Kier |
| author_facet | Ashley L. Saint-Fleur Alexa Christophides Prabhavathi Gummalla Catherine Kier |
| author_sort | Ashley L. Saint-Fleur |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is a form of sleep-disordered breathing characterized by upper airway collapse during sleep resulting in recurring arousals and desaturations. However, many aspects of this syndrome in children remain unclear. Understanding underlying pathogenic mechanisms of OSA is critical for the development of therapeutic strategies. In this article, we review current concepts surrounding the mechanism, pathogenesis, and predisposing factors of pediatric OSA. Specifically, we discuss the biomechanical properties of the upper airway that contribute to its primary role in OSA pathogenesis and examine the anatomical and neuromuscular factors that predispose to upper airway narrowing and collapsibility. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:35:17Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4866839c33824e079ddf897d8ae14ab7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2227-9067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:35:17Z |
| publishDate | 2021-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Children |
| spelling | doaj.art-4866839c33824e079ddf897d8ae14ab72023-11-22T22:55:31ZengMDPI AGChildren2227-90672021-11-01811103210.3390/children8111032Much Ado about Sleep: Current Concepts on Mechanisms and Predisposition to Pediatric Obstructive Sleep ApneaAshley L. Saint-Fleur0Alexa Christophides1Prabhavathi Gummalla2Catherine Kier3Department of Pediatrics, Stony Brook University Medical Center, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USADepartment of Anesthesiology, Stony Brook University Medical Center, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USADepartment of Pediatric Sleep Medicine, Valley Hospital, Ridgewood, NJ 07450, USADepartment of Pediatrics, Stony Brook University Medical Center, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USAObstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is a form of sleep-disordered breathing characterized by upper airway collapse during sleep resulting in recurring arousals and desaturations. However, many aspects of this syndrome in children remain unclear. Understanding underlying pathogenic mechanisms of OSA is critical for the development of therapeutic strategies. In this article, we review current concepts surrounding the mechanism, pathogenesis, and predisposing factors of pediatric OSA. Specifically, we discuss the biomechanical properties of the upper airway that contribute to its primary role in OSA pathogenesis and examine the anatomical and neuromuscular factors that predispose to upper airway narrowing and collapsibility.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9067/8/11/1032pediatric obstructive sleep apneamechanismsupper airwaycritical pressurestarling resistor modelcraniofacial |
| spellingShingle | Ashley L. Saint-Fleur Alexa Christophides Prabhavathi Gummalla Catherine Kier Much Ado about Sleep: Current Concepts on Mechanisms and Predisposition to Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea Children pediatric obstructive sleep apnea mechanisms upper airway critical pressure starling resistor model craniofacial |
| title | Much Ado about Sleep: Current Concepts on Mechanisms and Predisposition to Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea |
| title_full | Much Ado about Sleep: Current Concepts on Mechanisms and Predisposition to Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea |
| title_fullStr | Much Ado about Sleep: Current Concepts on Mechanisms and Predisposition to Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea |
| title_full_unstemmed | Much Ado about Sleep: Current Concepts on Mechanisms and Predisposition to Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea |
| title_short | Much Ado about Sleep: Current Concepts on Mechanisms and Predisposition to Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea |
| title_sort | much ado about sleep current concepts on mechanisms and predisposition to pediatric obstructive sleep apnea |
| topic | pediatric obstructive sleep apnea mechanisms upper airway critical pressure starling resistor model craniofacial |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9067/8/11/1032 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ashleylsaintfleur muchadoaboutsleepcurrentconceptsonmechanismsandpredispositiontopediatricobstructivesleepapnea AT alexachristophides muchadoaboutsleepcurrentconceptsonmechanismsandpredispositiontopediatricobstructivesleepapnea AT prabhavathigummalla muchadoaboutsleepcurrentconceptsonmechanismsandpredispositiontopediatricobstructivesleepapnea AT catherinekier muchadoaboutsleepcurrentconceptsonmechanismsandpredispositiontopediatricobstructivesleepapnea |