Quantification and Qualification of Floral Patterns of <i>Coffea arabica</i> L. in Colombia
The phenological patterns of coffee flowering in Colombia have typically been studied in a descriptive way, with knowledge from an inferential perspective being scarce. The present study evaluated the effect of geographic location and accession on the floral patterns and phenological descriptors of...
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MDPI AG
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Plants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/18/3332 |
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| author | Carlos Andres Unigarro Luis Carlos Imbachi Aquiles Enrique Darghan Claudia Patricia Flórez-Ramos |
| author_facet | Carlos Andres Unigarro Luis Carlos Imbachi Aquiles Enrique Darghan Claudia Patricia Flórez-Ramos |
| author_sort | Carlos Andres Unigarro |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The phenological patterns of coffee flowering in Colombia have typically been studied in a descriptive way, with knowledge from an inferential perspective being scarce. The present study evaluated the effect of geographic location and accession on the floral patterns and phenological descriptors of <i>Coffea arabica</i> L. Fifteen accessions from the Colombian coffee collection (four tall and eleven short) were planted in the departments of Cesar, Caldas, Quindío and Cauca (Colombia). The number of flower buds per branch per plant per evaluated accession was recorded weekly during four flowering semesters. Subsequently, the phenological flowering descriptors, namely synchrony among individuals, intraindividual temporal variability and number of events were calculated. The data were analyzed descriptively, and then the inferential component was conducted using analysis of variance for a two-factor additive model and randomization restriction. The results showed that there are two flowering patterns according to the expression of flowering in the floral cycles, the “annual” class in the department of Cesar and the “continual” class in the departments of Caldas, Quindío and Cauca. The phenological descriptors show differences between the departments according to the coffee zone to which it belongs (northern, central or southern). In turn, the floral pattern of each area can be linked to the latitudinal change in daily sunshine, as well as to the distribution of rainfall and temperature, in a very broad sense and based on the literature. The data did not provide statistical evidence to suggest differences among the accessions or between the tree sizes evaluated. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:12:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-486ecb20f41743b993705fe705a3d28a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:12:15Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-486ecb20f41743b993705fe705a3d28a2023-11-19T12:33:23ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472023-09-011218333210.3390/plants12183332Quantification and Qualification of Floral Patterns of <i>Coffea arabica</i> L. in ColombiaCarlos Andres Unigarro0Luis Carlos Imbachi1Aquiles Enrique Darghan2Claudia Patricia Flórez-Ramos3Plant Physiology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones de Café, Manizales 170009, ColombiaBiometrics, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones de Café, Manizales 170009, ColombiaFacultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá 111321, ColombiaPlant Breeding, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones de Café, Manizales 170009, ColombiaThe phenological patterns of coffee flowering in Colombia have typically been studied in a descriptive way, with knowledge from an inferential perspective being scarce. The present study evaluated the effect of geographic location and accession on the floral patterns and phenological descriptors of <i>Coffea arabica</i> L. Fifteen accessions from the Colombian coffee collection (four tall and eleven short) were planted in the departments of Cesar, Caldas, Quindío and Cauca (Colombia). The number of flower buds per branch per plant per evaluated accession was recorded weekly during four flowering semesters. Subsequently, the phenological flowering descriptors, namely synchrony among individuals, intraindividual temporal variability and number of events were calculated. The data were analyzed descriptively, and then the inferential component was conducted using analysis of variance for a two-factor additive model and randomization restriction. The results showed that there are two flowering patterns according to the expression of flowering in the floral cycles, the “annual” class in the department of Cesar and the “continual” class in the departments of Caldas, Quindío and Cauca. The phenological descriptors show differences between the departments according to the coffee zone to which it belongs (northern, central or southern). In turn, the floral pattern of each area can be linked to the latitudinal change in daily sunshine, as well as to the distribution of rainfall and temperature, in a very broad sense and based on the literature. The data did not provide statistical evidence to suggest differences among the accessions or between the tree sizes evaluated.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/18/3332coffeeflowering eventsphenologyflowering synchronytemporal variability |
| spellingShingle | Carlos Andres Unigarro Luis Carlos Imbachi Aquiles Enrique Darghan Claudia Patricia Flórez-Ramos Quantification and Qualification of Floral Patterns of <i>Coffea arabica</i> L. in Colombia Plants coffee flowering events phenology flowering synchrony temporal variability |
| title | Quantification and Qualification of Floral Patterns of <i>Coffea arabica</i> L. in Colombia |
| title_full | Quantification and Qualification of Floral Patterns of <i>Coffea arabica</i> L. in Colombia |
| title_fullStr | Quantification and Qualification of Floral Patterns of <i>Coffea arabica</i> L. in Colombia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Quantification and Qualification of Floral Patterns of <i>Coffea arabica</i> L. in Colombia |
| title_short | Quantification and Qualification of Floral Patterns of <i>Coffea arabica</i> L. in Colombia |
| title_sort | quantification and qualification of floral patterns of i coffea arabica i l in colombia |
| topic | coffee flowering events phenology flowering synchrony temporal variability |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/18/3332 |
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